The Shift in Emphasis From Risk-Based to Age-Based Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Testing in the US Tends to Remove Injection Drug Use From Discourse on HCV

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashly E. Jordan ◽  
David C. Perlman
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
The Us ◽  
Hcv Testing

Significant differences in clinical outcomes between HIV-hepatitis C virus coinfected individuals with and without injection drug use history

AIDS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Cescon ◽  
Keith Chan ◽  
Janet M. Raboud ◽  
Ann N. Burchell ◽  
Jamie I. Forrest ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Injection Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug

scholarly journals Predictors of Active Injection Drug Use in a Cohort of Patients Infected With Hepatitis C Virus

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie Reed ◽  
Caleb Bliss ◽  
Sherri O. Stuver ◽  
Timothy Heeren ◽  
Sheila Tumilty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug

scholarly journals Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes in Canada: Results from the LCDC Sentinel Health Unit Surveillance System

1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
RK Chaudhary ◽  
M Tepper ◽  
S Eisaadany ◽  
Paul R Gully
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Major Risk Factor ◽  
Hcv Rna

In a sentinel hepatitis surveillance study conducted by sentinel health units, 1469 patients were enrolled, and 959 (65.3%) were positive for antibody to hepatitis C virus (HCV). Samples from 387 patients (40.4%) were tested for HCV RNA, and 289 (74.7%) were positive for RNA. The major risk factor for HCV infection was injection drug use, reported in 71% of cases. The genotyping of HCV isolates showed that subtype 1a (48%) was predominant in Canada. The other subtypes detected were 1b (19%), 2a (6%), 2b (3%), 3a (22%) and 4a (1%). In Winnipeg, Manitoba, subtype 3a (47%) was more prevalent than subtype 1a (37%), and, in Guelph, Ontario, both subtypes 1a and 3a had equal (40%) distribution. The prevalence of subtype 3a was significantly higher in injection drug users (27%) than in nonusers (10%) (P<0.005). In Canada, injection drug use is the major risk factor for HCV infections, and subtype 1a is more prevalent.

scholarly journals Increased hepatitis C virus co-infection and injection drug use in HIV-infected fishermen in Myanmar

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Ousley ◽  
Robin Nesbitt ◽  
Nang Thu Thu Kyaw ◽  
Elkin Bermudez ◽  
Kyi Pyar Soe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug

scholarly journals Injection Drug Use and Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Young Adult Injectors: Using Evidence to Inform Comprehensive Prevention

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (suppl_2) ◽  
pp. S32-S38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Page ◽  
Meghan D. Morris ◽  
Judith A. Hahn ◽  
Lisa Maher ◽  
Maria Prins
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Injection Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Infection

scholarly journals High hepatitis C virus infection among female sex workers in Viet Nam: strong correlation with HIV and injection drug use

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Linh-Vi Le ◽  
Siobhan O’Connor ◽  
Tram Hong Tran ◽  
Lisa Maher ◽  
John Kaldor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug Use ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Active Infection ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of

Objective: The World Health Organization’s guidelines on viral hepatitis testing and treatment recommend prioritizing high prevalence groups. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection disproportionately affects people who inject drugs and men who have sex with men, but data on female sex workers (FSW) are limited. The study aimed to determine active HCV infection and risk factors associated with HCV exposure among Vietnamese FSW. Methods: We surveyed 1886 women aged ≥ 18 years from Haiphong, Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City who had sold sex in the last month. We tested for HCV antibody and HCV core antigen as markers for exposure to HCV and active infection, respectively. Results: Across these provinces, high prevalence of HCV exposure (8.8–30.4%) and active infection (3.6–22.1%) were observed. Significant associations with HCV exposure were HIV infection (aOR = 23.7; 95% CI: 14.8–37.9), injection drug use (aOR = 23.3; 95% CI: 13.1–41.4), history of compulsory detention (aOR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.4–4.2) and having more than 10 sex clients in the last month (aOR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.2–3.2). Among FSW who reported never injecting drugs, HIV infection (aOR = 24.2; 95% CI: 14.8–39.4), a history of non-injection drug use (aOR = 3.3, CI: 1.8–5.7), compulsory detention (aOR = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.2–4.0) and having over 10 sex clients in the last month (aOR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.3–3.7) were independently associated with HCV exposure. Discussion: FSW have elevated HCV risks through sex- and drug-related pathways. These findings highlight the need to offer FSW-targeted HCV interventions and ensure their access to HIV prevention and treatment.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C Virus Seroconversion among Hiv-Positive Men Who Have Sex with Men with No History of Injection Drug Use: Results from a Clinical Hiv Cohort

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann N Burchell ◽  
Sandra L Gardner ◽  
Tony Mazzulli ◽  
Michael Manno ◽  
Janet Raboud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Positive Men

BACKGROUND: Internationally, there is a growing recognition that hepatitis C virus (HCV) may be sexually transmitted among HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM).OBJECTIVE: To report the first Canadian estimate of HCV seroincidence in 2000 to 2010 and its risk factors among HIV-positive MSM with no known history of injection drug use.METHODS: Data from the Ontario HIV Treatment Network Cohort Study, an ongoing cohort of individuals in HIV care in Ontario, were analyzed. Data were obtained from medical charts, interviews and record linkage with the provincial public health laboratories. The analysis was restricted to 1534 MSM who did not report injection drug use and had undergone ≥2 HCV antibody tests, of which the first was negative (median 6.1 person-years [PY] of follow-up; sum 9987 PY).RESULTS: In 2000 to 2010, 51 HCV seroconversions were observed, an overall incidence of 5.1 per 1000 PY (95% CI 3.9 to 6.7). Annual incidence varied from 1.6 to 8.9 per 1000 PY, with no statistical evidence of a temporal trend. Risk for seroconversion was elevated among men who had ever had syphilis (adjusted HR 2.5 [95% CI 1.1 to 5.5) and men who had acute syphilis infection in the previous 18 months (adjusted HR 2.8 [95% CI 1.0 to 7.9]). Risk was lower for men who had initiated antiretroviral treatment (adjusted HR 0.49 [95% CI 0.25 to 0.95]). There were no statistically significant effects of age, ethnicity, region, CD4 cell count or HIV viral load.CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that periodic HCV rescreening may be appropriate in Ontario among HIV-positive MSM. Future research should seek evidence whether syphilis is simply a marker for high-risk sexual behaviour or networks, or whether it potentiates sexual HCV transmission among individuals with HIV.

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