Nonmedical Use of Prescription Stimulants as a “Red Flag” for Other Substance Use

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jason R. Kilmer ◽  
Nicole Fossos-Wong ◽  
Irene M. Geisner ◽  
Jih-Cheng Yeh ◽  
Mary E. Larimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Prescription Stimulants ◽  
Nonmedical Use ◽  
Red Flag

scholarly journals Prescriptions, Nonmedical Use, and Emergency Department Visits Involving Prescription Stimulants

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 (03) ◽  
pp. e297-e304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lian-Yu Chen ◽  
Rosa M. Crum ◽  
Eric C. Strain ◽  
G. Caleb Alexander ◽  
Christopher Kaufmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Prescription Stimulants ◽  
Nonmedical Use

scholarly journals Nonmedical Use of Prescription Stimulants Among US High School Students to Help Study: Results From a National Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian J. Teter ◽  
Christopher G. DiRaimo ◽  
Brady T. West ◽  
Ty S. Schepis ◽  
Sean Esteban McCabe
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
High School Seniors ◽  
National Study ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Prescription Stimulants ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Nonmedical Use

Objective: Mixed findings exist regarding extent and efficacy of nonmedical use of prescription stimulants (NMUPS) for study enhancement (SE). This national study of US high school seniors examined NMUPS for SE and addressed risk/benefit questions: To what extent are students reporting NMUPS specifically for SE, and do these individuals demonstrate fewer problem behaviors and superior academic performance? Method: Total of 15 098 US students surveyed (2009-2015) and divided into 4 subgroups: (1) no past-year NMUPS (nonusers), (2) past-year NMUPS to help study (NMUPS-SE only), (3) past-year NMUPS for study/nonstudy motives (NMUPS-SE+ other), and (4) past-year NMUPS for nonstudy motives (NMUPS-nonSE only). Student characteristics (eg, grade point average [GPA]) and substance-related problems (eg, binge drinking) compared between subgroups. Results: Among students who reported past-year NMUPS (n = 781), 7.4% reported NMUPS-SE only, 40.9% NMUPS-SE+ other, and 51.7% NMUPS-nonSE only. Odds of binge drinking, cigarette smoking, marijuana, and opioid nonmedical use significantly higher among all NMUPS subgroups. GPAs significantly lower among subgroups reporting NMUPS nonstudy motives; did not differ between NMUPS-SE only and nonusers. Conclusions: 7% of US high school seniors engaged in NMUPS for SE only (0.4% total population). Findings indicate greater substance-related problems without superior academic performance among NMUPS-SE subgroups.

scholarly journals Persistent Nonmedical Use of Prescription Stimulants Among College Students: Possible Association With ADHD Symptoms

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 347-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia M. Arria ◽  
Laura M. Garnier-Dykstra ◽  
Kimberly M. Caldeira ◽  
Kathryn B. Vincent ◽  
Kevin E. O'Grady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Prescription Stimulants ◽  
Nonmedical Use

A Preliminary Study Examining Self-Reported Invincibility, Alcohol Problems, and the Nonmedical Use of Prescription Stimulants in College Students

2021 ◽  
pp. 002204262110372
Author(s):  
Susan Kennedy ◽  
Paula Millin ◽  
Gary J. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Prescription Stimulants ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Nonmedical Use ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

The nonmedical use of prescription stimulants (NMUPS) is becoming more common among college students. Identifying the variables associated with NMUPS is important for educational efforts and to promote wellness in vulnerable students. The present study examined the relationships between self-reported invincibility, alcohol problems, and NMUPS in 175 college students. Path analysis tested the hypotheses that males would report higher invincibility that would be related to alcohol use and alcohol problems. Using structural equation modeling, significant relationships were found between invincibility and alcohol-related problems. Alcohol problems may be related to NMUPS. A total effect of invincibility, mediated by alcohol use, may be a path whereby invincibility positively influences NMUPS. Students reporting high levels of invincibility may be at risk for the NMUPS and might benefit from efforts regarding the potential harmful consequences of taking these substances without a prescription.

scholarly journals “Study Natural” without Drugs: An Exploratory Study of Theory-Guided and Tailored Health Campaign Interventions to Prevent Nonmedical Use of Prescription Stimulants in College Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4421
Author(s):  
Zhaohui Su ◽  
Michael Mackert ◽  
Xiaoshan Li ◽  
Jiyoon (Karen) Han ◽  
Brittani Crook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Health Campaign ◽  
Prescription Stimulants ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Nonmedical Use ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Nonmedical use of prescription stimulants (NMUPS) among college students continues to rise. While some anti-NMUPS campaigns are available, little is known about the campaign development process and how well college students evaluate these messages. To bridge this gap, we developed theory-guided anti-NMUPS campaign interventions that are tailored to college students’ characteristics and evaluated students’ response towards them. A total of 445 college students (74.4% female; Meanage of 20; 18 to 35 years old) reviewed the campaign interventions and offered their evaluation via an online survey. Findings indicate that students responded to the campaigns positively. Results also indicate that female students are more likely to perceive the campaigns as effective than their male counterparts. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that theory-guided and tailored anti-NMUPS campaigns have great potential in changing students’ attitudes and behavior towards NMUPS. While this study fills critical gaps in the literature, considering the progress needed to strengthen the research field, more research is needed to further identify effective strategies that could prevent college students’ participation in NMUPS activities.

Peer Substance Use Norms and Nonmedical Use of Prescription Drugs among a National Sample of African American Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 304-311
Author(s):  
Ashley L. Merianos ◽  
Keith A. King ◽  
Rebecca A. Vidourek ◽  
Kelsi J. Becker ◽  
R. Andrew Yockey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
African American ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
African American Adolescents ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Nonmedical Use ◽  
Peer Substance Use

Prevalence of nonmedical use of prescription opioids among adolescents in substance use treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. e4
Author(s):  
Alia Al-Tayyib ◽  
Paula Riggs ◽  
Susan Mikulich-Gilbertson ◽  
Christian Hopfer
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Treatment ◽  
Prescription Opioids ◽  
Nonmedical Use

scholarly journals College students' perceived benefit-to-risk tradeoffs for nonmedical use of prescription stimulants: Implications for intervention designs

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa M. Ross ◽  
Amelia M. Arria ◽  
Jessica P. Brown ◽  
C. Daniel Mullins ◽  
Jason Schiffman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Prescription Stimulants ◽  
Perceived Benefit ◽  
Nonmedical Use ◽  
Risk Tradeoffs

scholarly journals Nonmedical Use of Prescription Stimulants and Analgesics: Associations with Social and Academic Behaviors among College Students

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1045-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia M. Arria ◽  
Kevin E. O'Grady ◽  
Kimberly M. Caldeira ◽  
Kathryn B. Vincent ◽  
Eric D. Wish
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
High School ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Prescription Stimulants ◽  
Nonmedical Use ◽  
First Year College Students

Nonmedical use of prescription stimulants and analgesics was assessed from personal interviews with a stratified random sample of 1,253 first-year college students ages 17 to 20 attending a large public university (86% response rate). Lifetime and past-year prevalence of nonmedical use of stimulants, analgesics, or both was 19.6%wt and 15.6%wt, respectively. Nonmedical users had significantly lower grade point averages (GPAs) in high school as compared with nonusers; in college they skipped classes more often, spent more time socializing, and spent less time studying. For example, nonmedical users of both stimulants and analgesics skipped 21 % of their college classes whereas nonusers skipped 9%. Controlling for high school GPA and other factors, past-year nonmedical use independently predicted lower college GPA by the end of the first year of college; this effect was partially mediated by skipping more classes. Nonmedical users of prescription drugs comprise a high-risk group for academic problems in college.

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