The Role of International Real Estate in Global Mixed-Asset Investment Portfolios

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Chua
Author(s):  
ياسر عبد الله عمر ◽  
حبيب الله زكريا

أصبحت المحافظ الاستثمارية من الأدوات المهمة في عصرنا الحاضر، وذلك لكثرة توجه الناس إليها لاستثمار أموالهم من خلالها، ولما تحمله من رؤوس أموال ضخمة. وتهدف هذه الورقة إلى بيان المسائل الفقهية المتعلقة بكيفية إخراج زكاة المحافظ الاستثمارية. وقد تناولت هذه الورقة زكاة محفظة الأصول المالية المكونة من أسهم وسندات وعملات، وكذلك ما يتعلق بمحفظة الأصول العينية من سلعٍ وعقارات ومعادن. أما المنهج المتبع في هذه الورقة فهو المنهج الاستنباطي والمنهج التحليلي وذلك بالاعتماد على المصادر الثانوية للبحث العلمي من خلال مراجعة التراث الفقهي وتحليل ما ذُكر من أقوال فقهية في كيفية إخراج زكاة المحافظ الاستثمارية. كما اعتمدت الورقة على القرارات الفقهية الصادرة عن المجمع الفقهي الإسلامي التابع لرابطة العالم الإسلامي، ومعايير هيئة المحاسبة والمراجعة للمؤسسات المالية الإسلامية AAOIFI)). وخلصت الدراسة إلى أن المحافظ الاستثمارية تجب فيها الزكاة بحسب صافي الموجودات الزكوية فيها. وتوصي هذه الورقة مؤسسات الزكاة والهيئات المختصة للعمل في تفعيل دور الزكاة في جميع القطاعات الاستثمارية، كما توصي الورقة بمواصلة الدراسات الشرعية المتخصصة خاصةً من قبل الهيئات العلمية والمجامع الفقهية في مجال الاستثمارات الحديثة وتأصيلها وربطها بالتراث الفقهي. الكلمات المفتاحية: الزكاة، المحافظ الاستثمارية، الشريعة الإسلامية. Abstract Investment portfolios have become one of the important investment tools in modern society, due to the large number of people turning to them to invest their money through them, and because of the huge capital, they carry. This paper aims to explain the jurisprudential issues related to how to pay zakat on investment portfolios. This paper dealt with zakat in the financial assets’ portfolio consisting of stocks, bonds, and currencies, as well as what is related to the in-kind assets’ portfolio of commodities, real estate, and metals. As for the approach used in this paper, it is the deductive approach and the analytical method by relying on secondary sources of scientific research by reviewing the jurisprudential heritage and analyzing the aforementioned jurisprudential sayings on how to pay zakat for investment portfolios. However, the paper also relied on the decisions issued by the Islamic Fiqh Academy of the Muslim World League, and the standards of the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI). Moreover, the study concluded that investment portfolios are subject to zakat according to the net zakat assets therein. Therefore, this paper recommends zakat institutions and specialized bodies to work in activating the role of zakat in all investment sectors. Also, this paper recommended the continuation of Shariah studies, especially by the scientific bodies and jurisprudence councils, in the field of modern investments, establishing them and linking them to the jurisprudential heritage. Keywords: Zakat, Investment portfolios, Shariah.


2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman Gulseven ◽  
Ozgun Ekici

Purpose This paper aims to understand how aversion to interest income in Islam may influence the demand for real estate and gold when inflation is rampant. Design/methodology/approach According to Markowitz’s mean-variance model, an optimal portfolio is one that blends maximum return with minimum variance. In investment portfolios, real estate and gold serve as inflation hedges. For religious reasons, many Muslims exclude interest-earning assets from their portfolios, however. This paper explores how this attitude influences the hedging role of real estate and gold when inflation is rampant. This paper compares optimal portfolios that include and do not include interest-earning assets. In the calculations, this study uses monthly Turkish data from 1997 until 2018. Findings The analysis shows that the best hedging instrument against inflation is an interest-earning asset. In its absence, the role of real estate and gold as inflation hedges markedly increases: For a medium-return and medium-risk portfolio, for instance, the portfolio share of gold holdings increases from 3.16% to 58.43% and that for real estate increases from 14.97% to 24.06%. Originality/value This paper is a pioneering work on the influence of Islam on the roles of real estate and gold as inflation hedges when inflation is rampant. It provides an explanation from financial theory for the strong real estate and gold demand in Turkey in the past two decades.


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