Human Exposures to N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide Insect Repellents Reported to the American Association of Poison Control Centers 1993–1997

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 341-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Bell ◽  
Joseph C. Veltri ◽  
Brent C. Page
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
American Association ◽  
Clear Relationship ◽  
Poison Control ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Multiple Exposure ◽  
Poison Control Centers ◽  
Insect Repellents ◽  
Route Of Exposure ◽  
Exposure Routes

This study analyzed 20,764 exposures involving insect repellants containing N, N-diethyl- m-toluamide (DEET) that were reported to poison control centers from 1993 to 1997. Nearly 70% of the cases reported no symptoms related to the exposure. The occurrence of symptoms was related to the route of exposure, with the highest rates associated with ocular exposures, followed by inhalation, multiple exposure routes, dermal, andingestion. Two deaths were reported, one in a 26-year-old male and one in a 34-year-old female, both following a dermal exposure. Twenty-six subjects experienced major effects. The greatest number of reported exposures involved infants and children, but this group experienced lower rates of adverse effects than teens or adults. There was no clear relationship between DEET concentration and presence or severity of clinical effects. For the cases reported to poison control centers and included in this analysis, the risk of serious medical effects for labeled use of insect repellants containing N, N-diethyl- m-toluamide appears to be low.

Pattern of ziprasidone exposures reported to Texas poison centers, 2001–2005

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
MB Forrester
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Poison Control ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Poison Control Centers ◽  
Poison Centers ◽  
The Mean

Information on potentially adverse exposures to the atypical antipsychotic drug ziprasidone is limited. This study described the pattern of exposures involving only ziprasidone (isolated exposures) reported to Texas poison control centers during 2001–2005. The mean dose was 666 mg. The patient age distribution was ≤5 years (11%), 6–19 years (30%), and ≥20 years (60%). The exposures were intentional in 53% of the cases. Seventy-five percent of the exposures were managed at health care facilities. The final medical outcome was classified as no effect for 39% of the cases and minor effects for 40% of the cases. Adverse clinical effects were listed for 53% of the patients; the most frequently reported being neurological (42%), cardiovascular (13%), and gastrointestinal (5%). The most frequently listed treatment was decontamination by charcoal (34%) or cathartic (28%). Potentially adverse ziprasidone exposures reported to poison control centers are likely to involve management at a health care facility and involve some sort of adverse clinical effect. With proper treatment, the outcomes of such exposures are generally favorable.

2000 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 337-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby L. Litovitz ◽  
Wendy Klein-Schwartz ◽  
Suzanne White ◽  
Daniel J. Cobaugh ◽  
Jessica Youniss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
American Association ◽  
Poison Control ◽  
Toxic Exposure ◽  
Poison Control Centers ◽  
Toxic Exposure Surveillance System

Poison Exposures: Data Collection and Recent Data

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Rose Ann Gould Soloway
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
American Association ◽  
Poison Control ◽  
Poison Control Centers

In 1998, there were 2,241,082 human poison exposures reported by the American Association of Poison Control Centers. Approximately 52.7% of these exposures were in children under the age of six, however 91 % of the fatalities were in adults. The most common poison exposures reflected availability of substances in homes, where more than 91 % of poison exposures occurred. Evaluation of fatal exposures provides information about substances with the greatest inherent toxicity, as well as exposures that are difficult to recognize or treat when misused or taken in overdose.

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