scholarly journals To what extent does COVID-19 drive stock market volatility? A comparison between the U.S. and China

Author(s):  
Xue Gao ◽  
Yixin Ren ◽  
Muhammad Umar
Author(s):  
Ron Christner

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">This is a market volatility study utilizing three measures of assessing volatility in the U.S stock markets prior to and after the month of September 2008 using three proxies. The first is the VIX index, the CBOE options volatility measure. The next two are bearish, or short position strategy, ETF&rsquo;s based on stock indexes but designed to reflect and benefit from stock market movements in the downward direction. They are the Power Shares index, symbol SDS, and the Rydex Index, symbol RMS. This research evaluates and analyzes weekly movements in the three volatility variables mentioned above for a period of the last eight months of 2008. This includes the four months prior to and the four months after the beginning of September 2008. Specifically, the relative magnitude, volatility and degree of correlation between the three variables will be examined and compared to the movements in NYSE, NASDAQ and S &amp; P stock indexes. The life span and volume of trading, one measure of liquidity, in each of the three variables will also be evaluated. Part of the analysis, and conclusions, will involve analyzing how similar or dissimilar the three behave and whether one may be a better indicator of current<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>or future volatility in the stock market, or financial markets in general and how effective the bear market ETF&rsquo;s might be as hedging vehicles in a down market.</span></span></p>


SAGE Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824401986417
Author(s):  
Imlak Shaikh

Given that political events have substantial effect on new economic policies and economic performance of the country, this article aims to examine the behavior of the investors’ sentiment in terms of implied volatility index trailed by the U.S. presidential elections. The study empirically tests whether the presidential elections in 2012/2016 do contain the important market inclusive information to explain the expected stock market volatility. The findings indicate that investors’ concern was distracted around the presidential elections window, albeit the market performed identically in both the presidential election years. The significant fall in the implied volatility level (post-election period) is the calm before the storm, just wait and watch. The positive estimate uncovers the fact that investor worries were higher before the election day. In particular, the significant estimate of the presidential election debate shows that investors do regard the minutes of the presidential election debates in their portfolio selection. At the two elections era, on the candidacy of both the parties, the empirical result speaks marginally contrasting outcomes and falsifies the presidential election cycle hypothesis of past 29 U.S. election years. Empirical estimates conclude that the presidential elections in 2012/2016 have a strong, significant relationship with investor’s sentiment and stock market performance.


Author(s):  
Hojatallah Goudarzi

Since 1979, Iran has faced with unilateral and multilateral harsh sanctions due to its nuclear energy program. These sanctions have resulted in significant problem to both sanctioned and sanctioning parties. Given the fact that sanctions have had significant impacts on Iran’s economy and since Iran stock market is the barometer of its economy, it is assumed that sanctions affect the Iranian stock market as well. To test this hypothesis, this study studied the Iranian stock market volatility during harsh sanctions using ARCH models. The study found that, despite all sanctions, not only Iran’s stock market shows major stylized facts of any stock market’s volatility i.e. volatility clustering, fat tails and mean reversion but also it shows no irregularity which could be attributed to effect of sanctions. This finding was consistent with Iranian stock market regulators claiming Iranian stock market growth and the U.S. Congressional Research Service report 2013. Therefore, based on findings, this study concluded that Iranian stock market has not affected by sanctions.


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