SHARIA COMPLIANCE RISK IN ISLAMIC BANK: DOES INDONESIA NEED TO ADOPT NEW SHARIA RISK RATING APPROACH ?

The purpose of this study is to find the most relevant practice of supervision to manage Sharia Compliance Risk in Indonesian Islamic Bank based on the existing literature. The standard doctrinal approach is used to analyse, examine and evaluate the practice of Islamic banking supervision in Indonesia and Islamic banking in Malaysia for comparative purposes. The results revealed that the prior study on Sharia risk rating is applicable to manage Sharia Compliance Risk in Islamic Banks and their factors meet the Basel, AAOOIFI, and IFSB standards. However, there is no assessment made on evaluating the quality of supervision by Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB) members. Thus the study suggested the inclusion of additional factors on the performance of SSB. For Islamic Banking in Indonesia, this sharia risk rating approach can be combined with applicable internal and external risk rating techniques, to provide the promising quality of service and ensure that the offering of various products and services complies with Sharia rules and principles

Building Radiomics Models Based on Triple-Phase CT Images Combining Clinical Features for Discriminating the Risk Rating in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

We aimed to build radiomics models based on triple-phase CT images combining clinical features to predict the risk rating of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). A total of 231 patients with pathologically diagnosed GISTs from July 2012 to July 2020 were categorized into a training data set (82 patients with high risk, 80 patients with low risk) and a validation data set (35 patients with high risk, 34 patients with low risk) with a ratio of 7:3. Four diagnostic models were constructed by assessing 20 clinical characteristics and 18 radiomic features that were extracted from a lesion mask based on triple-phase CT images. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applied to calculate the diagnostic performance of these models, and ROC curves of these models were compared using Delong test in different data sets. The results of ROC analyses showed that areas under ROC curves (AUC) of model 4 [Clinic + CT value of unenhanced (CTU) + CT value of arterial phase (CTA) + value of venous phase (CTV)], model 1 (Clinic + CTU), model 2 (Clinic + CTA), and model 3 (Clinic + CTV) were 0.925, 0.894, 0.909, and 0.914 in the training set and 0.897, 0.866, 0,892, and 0.892 in the validation set, respectively. Model 4, model 1, model 2, and model 3 yielded an accuracy of 88.3%, 85.8%, 86.4%, and 84.6%, a sensitivity of 85.4%, 84.2%, 76.8%, and 78.0%, and a specificity of 91.2%, 87.5%, 96.2%, and 91.2% in the training set and an accuracy of 88.4%, 84.1%, 82.6%, and 82.6%, a sensitivity of 88.6%, 77.1%, 74.3%, and 85.7%, and a specificity of 88.2%, 91.2%, 91.2%, and 79.4% in the validation set, respectively. There was a significant difference between model 4 and model 1 in discriminating the risk rating in gastrointestinal stromal tumors in the training data set (Delong test, p < 0.05). The radiomic models based on clinical features and triple-phase CT images manifested excellent accuracy for the discrimination of risk rating of GISTs.

Analisa Potensi Bahaya dan Upaya Pencegahan Kecelakaan Kerja Dengan Job Safety Analisys (JSA) Pada Divisi Pencucian di PT “X”

The work process in the washing division of the "X" Company consists of three kinds of processes: washing, squeezing and drying. All of these work processes involve interactions between workers, raw materials, equipment and the environment. These interactions can create hazards and risks to both health and accident risks if they are not carried out according to the correct procedures and steps. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential hazards and risk rating in order to provide recommendations for their control in the washing division of the "X" Company. The research method is observational, which is only observing objects without controlling any variables. The steps taken are to identify and analyze the existing hazards and the risks that may occur so that analysis of potential hazards, types of accidents that may occur and recommendations for their control is needed. The research results show that the potential hazards in the washing division are 52, consisting of 46 ergonomic hazards and 6 chemical hazards. On this basis, recommendations for control have been prepared to prevent accidents that must be carried out.

IMPLEMENTASI PENILAIAN RISIKO KESEHATAN TERKAIT PAJANAN BTX DI LABORATORIUM PENGUJIAN MIGAS PT. SCI

Laboratorium merupakan tempat kerja untuk melakukan percobaan atau eksperimen uji dimana bekerja di tempat tersebut membutuhkan perilaku kehati-hatian dalam menggunakan peralatan dan bahan. Salah satu jenis bahan kimia yang terdapat di laboratorium adalah pelarut organik yang memiliki fungsi sebagai pelarut bahan kimia lainnya. Potensi risiko kanker payudara pada pekerja wanita di laboratorium pada studi kohort ini adalah paparan pelarut organik. Pelarut organik yang sering digunakan di laboratorium adalah benzene, toluene dan xylene (BTX). Dengan adanya pajanan bahan kimia BTX di tempat kerja dan risiko kesehatan yang ditimbulkan, maka perlu dilakukan penilaian tingkat risiko pajanan bahan kimia terhadap kesehatan pekerja di laboratorium melalui inhalasi secara kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode CHRA DOSH Malaysia tahun 2018. Penelitian dimulai dengan pengambilan sampel inhalasi dan udara di lingkungan kerja. Data hasil sampling diolah untuk mengetahui Tingkat Bahaya (Hazard Rating), Tingkat Pajanan (Exposure Rating), dan Tingkat Risiko (Risk Rating) secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Tingkat risiko pajanan melalui inhalasi secara kualitatif diperoleh nilai tingkat risiko pajanan (RR) benzene, toluene dan xylene secara bertutut-turut RR= 20, 12, dan 8. Tingkat risiko pajanan melalui inhalasi untuk benzene memiliki risiko tinggi sedangkan toluene dan xylene memiliki risiko moderat. Tingkat risiko pajanan melalui inhalasi secara kuantitatif dengan metode CHRA. nilai tingkat risiko pajanan (RR) benzene, toluene dan xylene secara kuantitatif secara berturut-turut adalah RR= 5, 3, dan 2. Berdasarkan metode kuantitatif, nilai tingkat risiko pajanan melalui inhalasi untuk benzene memiliki risiko moderat sedangkan toluene dan xylene memiliki risiko rendah terhadap pekerja di laboratorium pengujian migas PT SCI

A Novel Measure of Political Risk and Foreign Direct Investment Inflows

This paper proposes a novel measure of political risk that confirms some of the findings documented in the Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) literature. Particularly, we confirm the positive relationship between political stability and its components on FDI inflows, and the moderating effect of natural resources on this relationship. The proposed political risk measure contains relevant, unique and incremental information not observed in the literature. For example, although this measure is highly correlated with the political risk rating of the International Country Risk Guide (ICRG), it contains unique information that explains FDI inflows beyond what is explained by the ICRG rating. A link to the database for our political risk rating for 150 countries covering 2000 to 2015 has been provided.

Bank Credit Risk Rating Process: Is There a Difference Between Agencies?

The purpose of this article is to compare the bank credit risk rating (BCRR) process between credit rating agency (CRA) after the 2012 revision of their methodologies using 76 banks from 23 EMENA countries rated simultaneously by S&P's, Moody's and FitchRatings. We made this comparison based on the CAMELS model with a proposed 'S’ to BCRR. We use “ordered logit” regression for the rating classes and we complete our analysis by “linear multiple” regression for the rating grades. The results show that the BCRR processes are largely consistent between agencies but not aligned. Some differences appear in the important factors and relevant variables of the intrinsic credit quality component that manifest themselves in specific behaviors distinguishing one agency to another. The three agencies agree on the factors: Capital, Earnings, Liquidity and Supports and the most relevant support variable is the sovereign rating of the bank's country of establishment. The results also confirm a consistence between the BCRR's revealed and practiced methodologies revised by the CRA.

Construction and Application of the Online Finance Credit Risk Rating Model Based on the Artificial Neural Network

The low-cost, highly efficient online finance credit provides underfunded individuals and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) with an indispensable credit channel. Most of the previous studies focus on the client crediting and screening of online finance. Few have studied the risk rating under a complete credit risk management system. This paper introduces the improved neural network technology to the credit risk rating of online finance. Firstly, the study period was divided into the early phase and late phase after the launch of an online finance credit product. In the early phase, there are few manually labeled samples and many unlabeled samples. Therefore, a cold start method was designed for the credit risk rating of online finance, and the similarity and abnormality of credit default were calculated. In the late phase, there are few unlabeled samples. Hence, the backpropagation neural network (BPNN) was improved for online finance credit risk rating. Our strategy was proved valid through experiments.

ANALISIS KERENTANAN KEAMANAN WEBSITE MENGGUNAKAN METODE OWASP (OPEN WEB APPLICATION SECURITY PROJECT) PADA DINAS TENAGA KERJA

Dinas Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi merupakan organisasi perangkat daerah yang memiliki websiste sebagai media yang menampilkan secara interaktif jurnal informasi dan pembangunan daerah, media interaksi antara masyarakat dengan pemerintah. Terjadinya transisi komunikasi secara tradisional ke dalam lingkup aplikasi berbasis website bisa saja dimanfaatkan oleh beberapa pelaku kejahatan dunia maya dengan tujuan mencuri informasi rahasia pengguna dengan tujuan tertentu, maka mendeteksi kerentanan keamanan website adalah hal yang sangat penting Untuk mengetahui tingkat risiko pada sistem informasi harga komoditas utama menggunakan metode Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) Risk Rating untuk mendeteksi kerentanan keamanan pada aplikasi berbasis website. Penelitian ini menghasilkan 2 faktor untuk memperkirakan Likelihood dan Impact, dari masing-masing faktor terdapat 3 risiko yang ditemukan yaitu risk severity High, risk severity Medium dan risk severity Low. Hasil penilaian risiko ini dapat membantu para pengelola dan pengembang sistem untuk menyadari risiko yang mungkin terjadi sehingga dapat mengambil tindakan untuk mencegah dan mengatasi risiko tersebut.