Patent Examination Quality and Litigation: Is There a Link?

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan C. Marco ◽  
Richard D. Miller
2013 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 14-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre M. Picard ◽  
Bruno van Pottelsberghe de la Potterie

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
Fedor E. Shadrichev ◽  
Nyurguyana N. Grigor'eva ◽  
Elizaveta S. Rozhdestvenskaya

Diabetic retinopathy remains one of the greatest challenges for healthcare system worldwide despite the fact that the incidence of visual acuity impairment in diabetic population has decreased due to examination quality improvement and dynamic observation of patients. Visual acuity impairment in diabetic patients is often related to diabetic macular edema. Until recently, laser photocoagulation of the retina was regarded as gold standard for diabetic macular edema treatment. Laser photocoagulation of the retina provides visual acuity stabilization rather than improvement. Since early 2000s, pharmacological approach to this severe disease has been established. As vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the crucial factors involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinal disorders, VEGF inhibitors are now recognized as a treatment of choice for diabetic macular edema. This article considers results of different clinical trials investigating anti-VEGF therapy efficacy in DME treatment.


2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 1969-1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietmar Harhoff ◽  
Stefan Wagner

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