The Black Sea and the European Union: developing relations and expanding institutional links

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panayotis Gavras
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The European Union

scholarly journals LNG to Power in the Romanian port of Constanta

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Vasile Rata ◽  
Alin Hobjila ◽  
Liliana Rusu
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The One ◽  
Liquefied Gas

Nowadays, the raising of the global living standard are changing the lifestyle of each individual, which also leads to increased consumption of goods and services. The factors mentioned, directly affect shipping and cruising activities. These two types of activities are classified as major pollutant makers within ports, near urban residences, caused by the combustion of fuel in large auxiliary engines to provide the power needed to operate the systems specific to the two types of ships. In this context, our objective is to find solutions such as the one presented in this study. They have emerged as a scenario for the sizing of an onshore or a floating power plant using Liquefied Gas Natural (LNG) for the port of Constanta in Romania, which is considered to be the largest port of the European Union in the Black Sea.

scholarly journals Russia and the Ukrainian Crisis: A Multiperspective Analysis of Russian Behaviour, by Taking into Account NATO’s and the EU’s Enlargement

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (80) ◽  
pp. 259-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian Klotz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Role Theory ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Ukrainian Crisis ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

Abstract This article will explain why Russia annexed Crimea and is destabilizing eastern Ukraine. To do this, three different theoretical approaches on various levels of analysis will be used. It will be examined how far the expansion of NATO, as well as that of the European Union (Theory of Neorealism), was a motive for Russia’s action. NATO’s enlargement is analysed predominantly. In addition, politicalpsychological motivations of the Russian leadership are considered. But it is also analysed whether Russia’s pure power interests have played a role (Theory of Realism). The focus here is on the Russian naval base in Crimea. It is necessary to examine whether preserving its fleet in the Black Sea was a motive for Moscow to annex the Crimean peninsula.

scholarly journals THE IMPORTANCE OF THE BLACK SEA SECURITY COOPERATION BETWEEN THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEY AND UKRAINE AND THE EUROPEAN UNION BLACK SEA SYNERGY SECURITY SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
pp. 168-179
Author(s):  
Elmira Akhmedova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Regional Stability ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Turkey

The article examines the content, main points, and objectives of the European Union 2007 Regional Cooperation Initiative Black Sea Synergy, issues that lie within the common interests of the Black Sea states as well as potential challenges to the regional stability in the Black Sea region. It also examines the basic legal documents which are an integral part of the European Union’s legal international cooperation in the framework of the Black Sea Initiative. It also researches the national interests of Ukraine, the main directions and the importance of building strategic relations between Ukraine and the Turkish Republic in terms of ensuring regional stability in the Black Sea region.The article researches the importance of the Black Sea region in building security and stability in Europe and Asia, international legal documents between the parties in building regional Black Sea security and strategic interests of Ukraine in cooperation with the Republic of Turkey in the Black Sea security. It is stressed that the Black Sea Region is one of the main factors in building security and stability in Europe and Asia. Along with other issues in the region, ethnic conflicts, ongoing state-building processes, possessing the vast natural resources, the strategic significance of transportation corridors means that the region is an extremelyimportant and sensitive area. Special attention is given to an analysis of bilateral relations between the Republic of Turkey and Ukraine that are becoming more strategic consideringTurkey’s special role in the Black Sea region and its complementary role for the European Union policy in the region. It states that the dramatic change in the geopolitical situation in the region in 2014 led to the revision of Ukraine’s foreign policy towards the Republic of Turkey. The Republic of Turkey has moved to the top of Ukraine’s foreign policy priorities following the loss of Crimea, the conflict in eastern Ukraine and the general aggravation of the security situation in theBlack Sea region. The article concludes that the Black Sea Synergy remains declarative as itdoes not provide a clear explanation of the EU’s political position on the Black Sea issues. It requires very specific action to prevent real threats. In the current situation, Ukraine can only achieve its strategic goal through cooperation within the framework of regional associations of different plans. 

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