At the beginning of the XXI century, in the context of the further complex and contradictory development of the world economic process, the strengthening of the competitive struggle of states for markets, an important problem remains the struggle of countries with limited natural resources for the possession of territories rich in these resources, or for the most profitable cooperation with the countries - owners of such territories. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the geopolitical situation in a particular region and build relationships with these countries taking into account its peculiarities. The article analyzes Japan’s strategic interests in the Russian Far East in the light of the problems under consideration. As you know, the natural resources of Japan are very scarce, only limestone and coal deposits are found in more or less sufficient quantities. At the same time, minerals such as oil, gas, iron ore, etc., are present on the territory, but in insufficient quantities for the development of metallurgy, energy and other life-supporting industries. Thus, Japan, being one of the most economically and technologically developed countries, is at the same time one of the poorest in terms of mineral resources. Based on this, it is relevant to analyze Japan’s economic strategy in solving the tasks under consideration in relation to neighboring states and, in particular, with Russia, which at the present stage is an important military-political, geopolitical and economic player in East Asia. Russia has the most modern means to solve the main problems of national security and territorial integrity, an important component of which is the region of the Far East, which occupies an essential place in the system of modern international economic relations.