Post-traumatic stress disorder symptom clusters predicting substance abuse in adolescents

The exacerbation of pre-existing psychiatric conditions and the development of a new-onset psychiatric disorder during pregnancy directly affects the care of pregnant women. Depression and anxiety are highly prevalent in reproductive age women and may be exacerbated in the perinatal and postpartum periods. Post-traumatic stress disorder is another common condition seen in this population and may worsen under the stress of pregnancy, delivery, and childrearing. Substance abuse is also pervasive in this population, requiring obstetricians to have a thorough understanding of how to manage and treat pregnant women with dependence disorders. Psychiatric conditions and substance abuse often co-exist. These and other disorders present significant risk to the mother and fetus. It is essential therefore for obstetric care providers to understand how to screen for, diagnose, and treat psychiatric disorders during pregnancy and in the postpartum period. This review contains 4 tables, and 58 references. Keywords: perinatal depression, postpartum depression, postpartum psychosis, anxiety in pregnancy, substance abuse in pregnancy, post-traumatic stress disorder in pregnancy, eating disorders in pregnancy, pregnancy screening

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Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Substitution as a Cause of Functional Neurological Disorder

Psychosomatics ◽

10.1016/j.psym.2019.03.003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 81-85

Author(s):

Matthew J. Burke ◽

Paulo Lizano ◽

Claire Jacobs ◽

Theodore A. Stern

Keyword(s):

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Traumatic Stress ◽

Neurological Disorder ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Post Traumatic Stress ◽

Disorder Symptom ◽

Post Traumatic ◽

Functional Neurological Disorder

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Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Heart Failure Patients: A Test of the Cardiac Disease-induced PTSD Hypothesis

Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews ◽

10.2174/2666082215666191113121558 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 290-296

Author(s):

Phillip J. Tully ◽

Suzanne M. Cosh

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Substance Abuse ◽

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Traumatic Stress ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Post Traumatic Stress ◽

Treatment Needs ◽

Substance Abuse Disorders ◽

Post Traumatic ◽

Axis I

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent in approximately 12% of patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and such patients are at risk of further CVD morbidity and mortality. It is unknown whether CVD patients with cardiac and non-cardiac traumatic events leading to PTSD differ in medical comorbidities and psychiatric vulnerabilities. Our objective was to compare heart failure (HF) patients with cardiac and non-cardiac PTSD. Method: A population of HF patients from 3 hospitals underwent a two-step depression and anxiety screening process to identify potential mental health treatment needs. The post-traumatic stress disorder module of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis-I disorders was used to classify trauma(s) exposure, and other disorders. The patients with PTSD were sub-divided by cardiac related traumas (e.g. myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac arrest) and non-cardiac related traumas (e.g. sexual abuse, interpersonal violence). Results: 10 patients met criteria for non-cardiac trauma and 18 patients met criteria for cardiacinduced trauma. There were no significant differences in HF aetiology or severity nor cardiac comorbidities. Time since PTSD, onset was significantly longer for those with non-cardiac PTSD. Among psychiatric comorbidities, alcohol and substance abuse disorders, as well as depression were more prevalent in patients with non-cardiac PTSD. Conclusion: Cardiac related PTSD was associated with less alcohol and substance abuse disorders, and depression by comparison to their non-cardiac induced PTSD counterparts. Ongoing research is required to establish if cardiac-induced PTSD truly reflects a unique subtype of PTSD, and whether there are different treatment needs and therapeutic approaches for this subtype.

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