bstrak. Minyak jarak kaliki (Ricinus communis L.) merupakan salah satu bahan baku terbarukan yang banyak diaplikasikan di berbagai industri kimia. Salah satu dari turunan minyak jarak kaliki yaitu metil 12-hidroksistearat merupakan metil ester yang memiliki manfaat dalam berbagai jenis industri, khususnya industri pelumas. Makalah ini membahas produksi metil 12-hidroksistearat via hidrogenasi ester minyak jarak dalam reaktor mini-pilot. Makalah ini membahas kondisi optimum proses hidrogenasi dari metil ester risinoleat dengan melakukan variasi terhadap tekanan dan temperatur operasi. Tekanan dan temperatur operasi proses hidrogenasi divariasikan pada rentang 2-4 bar dan 150-210℃. Diperoleh produk hidrogenasi metil ester risinoleat dengan konsentrasi massa metil 12-hidroksistearat mencapai 61,28% dan angka iodin 23,84. Peningkatan temperatur dan tekanan operasi meningkatkan konversi metil 12-hidroksistearat dan menurunkan angka iodin. Pada rentang variasi kondisi, kondisi operasi optimum untuk proses ini adalah temperatur 210℃ dan tekanan 4 bar. Penambahan waktu reaksi hidrogenasi selama 3 jam menghasilkan penurunan angka iodin hingga mencapai 9,82 dan bentuk fisik seperti mentega. Kata kunci: angka iodin, hidrogenasi, metil 12-hidroksistearat, metil ester risinoleat, minyak jarak kaliki. Abstract. Production of Methyl 12-Hydroxystearate through the Hydrogenation Process of Castor Oil Esters. Castor oil (Ricinus communis L.) is one of renewable raw materials widely applied in various chemical industries. One of the castor oil derivatives is methyl 12-hydroxistearate, a methyl ester fatty acid which has been applied in various industries especially lubricants industry. This paper discusses the methyl ester production of methyl 12-hydroxystearate from castor oil via hydrogenation of ester of castor oil in a mini-pilot reactor. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimum operating condition of the hydrogenation process of the ricinoleic acid methyl ester by varying operating pressure and temperature. The operating pressure and temperature of the hydrogenation process were varied in the range of 2-4 bar and 150-210℃. The experimental results show that the hydrogenation process of ricinoleic acid methyl ester produces methyl-12-hydroxistearate with concentration up to 61.28%-wt and Iodine Value of 23.84. Higher operating temperature and pressure increase the conversion of methyl 12- hydroxistearate and reduce the iodine value. Further, the optimum operation condition for this process is at 210℃ and 4 bar. Increasing reaction time for about 3 hours results in a significant reduction of iodine value up to 9.82. Keywords: castor oil, hydrogenation, iodine number, methyl 12-hidroxystearate, methyl ester ricinoleic. Graphical Abstract
Efficient mesophyll protoplast isolation and development of a transient expression system for castor-oil plant (Ricinus communis L.)