Mental Disorder Comorbidity in Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 875-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate M. Scott ◽  
Magnus A. McGee ◽  
Mark A. Oakley Browne ◽  
J. Elisabeth Wells
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Mental Health Service Use ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Mental Health Survey

Objective: To show the extent and patterning of 12 month mental disorder comorbidity in the New Zealand population, and its association with case severity, suicidality and health service utilization. Method: A nationwide face-to-face household survey was carried out in October 2003 to December 2004 with 12 992 participants aged 16 years and over, achieving a response rate of 73.3%. The measurement of mental disorder was with the World Mental Health Survey Initiative version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0). Comorbidity was analysed with hierarchy, consistent with a clinical approach to disorder count. Results: Comorbidity occurred among 37% of 12 month cases. Anxiety and mood disorders were most frequently comorbid. Strong bivariate associations occurred between alcohol and drug use disorders and, to a lesser extent, between substance use disorders and some anxiety and mood disorders. Comorbidity was associated with case severity, with suicidal behaviour (especially suicide attempts) and with health sector use (especially mental health service use). Conclusion: The widespread nature of mental disorder comorbidity has implications for the configuration of mental health services and for clinical practice.

scholarly journals Association between air pollution exposure and mental health service use among individuals with first presentations of psychotic and mood disorders: retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Joanne B. Newbury ◽  
Robert Stewart ◽  
Helen L. Fisher ◽  
Sean Beevers ◽  
David Dajnak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Mental Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Mental Health Service Use ◽  
Health Service Use ◽  
Air Pollution Exposure ◽  
Pollution Exposure

Background Growing evidence suggests that air pollution exposure may adversely affect the brain and increase risk for psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and depression. However, little is known about the potential role of air pollution in severity and relapse following illness onset. Aims To examine the longitudinal association between residential air pollution exposure and mental health service use (an indicator of illness severity and relapse) among individuals with first presentations of psychotic and mood disorders. Method We identified individuals aged ≥15 years who had first contact with the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust for psychotic and mood disorders in 2008–2012 (n = 13 887). High-resolution (20 × 20 m) estimates of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) levels in ambient air were linked to residential addresses. In-patient days and community mental health service (CMHS) events were recorded over 1-year and 7-year follow-up periods. Results Following covariate adjustment, interquartile range increases in NO2, NOx and PM2.5 were associated with 18% (95% CI 5–34%), 18% (95% CI 5–34%) and 11% (95% CI 3–19%) increased risk for in-patient days after 1 year. Similarly, interquartile range increases in NO2, NOx, PM2.5 and PM10 were associated with 32% (95% CI 25–38%), 31% (95% CI 24–37%), 7% (95% CI 4–11%) and 9% (95% CI 5–14%) increased risk for CMHS events after 1 year. Associations persisted after 7 years. Conclusions Residential air pollution exposure is associated with increased mental health service use among people recently diagnosed with psychotic and mood disorders. Assuming causality, interventions to reduce air pollution exposure could improve mental health prognoses and reduce healthcare costs.

Twelve-Month and Lifetime Prevalences of Mental Disorders and Treatment Contact Among Pacific People in Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 924-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siale A. Foliaki ◽  
Jesse Kokaua ◽  
David Schaaf ◽  
Colin Tukuitonga ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Zealand Population ◽  
Mental Health Survey

Objective: To show the 12 month and lifetime prevalences of mental disorders and 12 month treatment contact of Pacific people in Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey. Method: Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey, undertaken in 2003 and 2004, was a nationally representative face-to-face household survey of 12 992 New Zealand adults aged 16 years and over including M ori (n = 2457), Pacific people (n = 2236), people of mixed Pacific and M ori ethnicity (n = 138), and ‘Others’ (a composite group of predominantly European descent) (n = 8161). Ethnicity was measured by self-identified ethnicity using the New Zealand 2001 Census of Population and Dwellings question. A fully structured diagnostic interview, the World Health Organization World Mental Health Survey Initiative version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0), was used to measure disorders. The overall response rate was 73.3%. Results: Pacific people have high rates of mental illness: the unadjusted 12 month prevalence for Pacific people was 25.0% compared with 20.7% for the total New Zealand population. There were also higher 12 month prevalences of suicidal ideation (4.5%) and suicide attempts (1.2%). Only 25.0% of Pacific people who had experienced a serious mental disorder had visited any health service for their mental health reason compared with 58.0% of the total New Zealand population. The prevalence of mental disorder was lower among Pacific people born in the Islands than among New Zealand-born Pacific people. Conclusion: Pacific people experience high prevalence of mental disorder and New Zealand-born Pacific people experience significantly higher prevalence than Island-born Pacific people.

scholarly journals Help-Seeking Behaviours of Individuals with Mood Disorders

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 652-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
JianLi Wang ◽  
Scott B Patten ◽  
Jeanne VA Williams ◽  
Shawn Currie ◽  
Cynthia A Beck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Service ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Mental Health Service Use ◽  
Health Service Use ◽  
The Past

Objectives: This study had the following objectives: 1) to estimate the 12-month prevalence of conventional and unconventional mental health service use by individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) or mania in the past year, and 2) to identify factors associated with the use of conventional mental health services by individuals with MDD or mania in the past year. Methods: We examined data from the Canadian Community Health Survey: Mental Health and Well-Being (CCHS 1.2). Respondents with MDD ( n = 1563) or manic episodes ( n = 393) in the past 12 months were included in this analysis. Results: An estimated 63.9% of respondents with MDD and 59.0% of those with manic episodes reported having used some type of help in the past 12 months; 52.9% of those with MDD and 49.0% of those with manic episodes used conventional mental health services. Approximately 21% of respondents with either MDD or manic episodes used natural health products specifically for emotional, mental health, and drug or alcohol use problems. Respondents who reported comorbid anxiety disorders and long-term medical conditions were more likely to have used conventional mental health services. Conclusions: Relative to previous Canadian literature, our analysis suggests that the frequency of conventional mental health service use among persons with MDD has not increased significantly in the past decade. Further, the rate of conventional mental health service use by persons with manic episodes is unexpectedly low. These findings may reflect the lack of national initiatives targeting mood disorders in Canada. They have important implications for planning future education, promotion, and research efforts.

Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey: Overview of Methods and Findings

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 835-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Elisabeth Wells ◽  
Mark A. Oakley Browne ◽  
Kate M. Scott ◽  
Magnus A. Mcgee ◽  
Joanne Baxter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mental Health Survey

Objective: To estimate the prevalence and severity of anxiety, mood, substance and eating disorders in New Zealand, and associated disability and treatment. Method: A nationwide face-to-face household survey of residents aged 16 years and over was undertaken between 2003 and 2004. Lay interviewers administered a computerized fully structured diagnostic interview, the World Health Organization World Mental Health Survey Initiative version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Oversampling doubled the number of Māori and quadrupled the number of Pacific people. The outcomes reported are demographics, period prevalences, 12 month severity and correlates of disorder, and contact with the health sector, within the past 12 months. Results: The response rate was 73.3%. There were 12 992 participants (2595 Māori and 2236 Pacific people). Period prevalences were as follows: 39.5% had met criteria for a DSM-IV mental disorder at any time in their life before interview, 20.7% had experienced disorder within the past 12 months and 11.6% within the past month. In the past 12 months, 4.7% of the population experienced serious disorder, 9.4% moderate disorder and 6.6% mild disorder. A visit for mental health problems was made to the health-care sector in the past 12 months by 58.0% of those with serious disorder, 36.5% with moderate disorder, 18.5% with mild disorder and 5.7% of those not diagnosed with a disorder. The prevalence of disorder and of serious disorder was higher for younger people and people with less education or lower household income. In contrast, these correlates had little relationship to treatment contact, after adjustment for severity. Compared with the composite Others group, Māori and Pacific people had higher prevalences of disorder, unadjusted for sociodemographic correlates, and were less likely to make treatment contact, in relation to need. Conclusions: Mental disorder is common in New Zealand. Many people with current disorder are not receiving treatment, even among those with serious disorder.

Twelve-Month and Lifetime Health Service use in Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 855-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Oakley Browne ◽  
J Elisabeth Wells ◽  
Magnus A. Mcgee ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Service Use ◽  
Medical Provider

Objective: To estimate the 12 month and lifetime use of health services for mental health problems. Method: A nationwide face-to-face household survey carried out in 2003–2004. A fully structured diagnostic interview, the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0) was used. There were 12 992 completed interviews from participants aged 16 years and over. The overall response rate was 73.3%. In this paper, the outcomes reported are 12 month and lifetime health service use for mental health and substance use problems. Results: Of the population, 13.4% had a visit for a mental health reason in the 12 months before interview. Of all 12 month cases of mental disorder, 38.9% had a mental health visit to a health or non-health-care provider in the past 12 months. Of these 12 month cases, 16.4% had contact with a mental health specialist, 28.3% with a general medical provider, 4.8% within the human services sector and 6.9% with a complementary or alternative medicine practitioner. Most people with lifetime disorders eventually made contact if their disorder continued. However, the percentages seeking help at the age of onset were small for most disorders and several disorders had large percentages who never sought help. The median duration of delay until contact varies from 1 year for major depressive disorder to 38 years for specific phobias. Conclusions: A significant unmet need for treatment for people with mental disorder exists in the New Zealand community, as in other comparable countries.

Prevalence, Interference with Life and Severity of 12 Month DSM-IV Disorders in Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 845-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Elisabeth Wells ◽  
Mark A. Oakley Browne ◽  
Kate M. Scott ◽  
Magnus A. McGee ◽  
Joanne Baxter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Specific Phobia ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
The Past ◽  
World Mental Health Survey ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Mental Health Survey

Objective: To estimate the 12 month prevalence of DSM-IV disorders in New Zealand, and associated interference with life and severity. Method: A nationally representative face-to-face household survey carried out in 2003–2004. A fully structured diagnostic interview, the World Health Organization World Mental Health Survey Initiative version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0) was used. There were 12 992 completed interviews from participants aged 16 years and over. The overall response rate was 73.3%. In this paper the outcomes reported are 12 month prevalence, interference with life and severity for individual disorders. Results: The prevalence of any disorder in the past 12 months was 20.7%. The prevalences for disorder groups were: anxiety disorders 14.8%, mood disorders 7.9%, substance use disorders 3.5%, eating disorders 0.5%. The highest prevalences for individual disorders were for specific phobia (7.3%), major depressive disorder (5.7%) and social phobia (5.1%). Interference with life was higher for mood disorders than for anxiety disorders. Drug dependence, bipolar disorder and dysthymia had the highest proportion of severe cases (over 50%), when severity was assessed over the disorder itself and all comorbid disorders. Overall, only 31.7% of cases were classified as mild with 45.6% moderate and 22.7% serious. Conclusions: Compared with other World Mental Health survey sites New Zealand has relatively high prevalences, although almost always a little lower than for the US. For all disorders, except specific phobia, interference with life was reported to be moderate, on average, which has lead to less than a third of cases being classified as mild. Most people who have ever met full DSM-IV criteria, including the impairment criterion, and who experience symptoms or an episode in the past 12 months find that their disorders impact on their lives to a non-trivial extent.

Barriers to mental health service use in Asian American and European American college students.

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina B. Gee ◽  
Gagan S. Khera ◽  
Alyssa T. Poblete ◽  
Barunie Kim ◽  
Syeda Y. Buchwach
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Mental Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Mental Health Service Use ◽  
Health Service Use ◽  
European American
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