scholarly journals Earnings Instability and Earnings Inequality of Males in the United States: 1967–1991

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 799-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Haider
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Earnings Inequality ◽  
Earnings Instability

scholarly journals The Rising Instability of U.S. Earnings

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Gottschalk ◽  
Robert Moffitt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Family Income ◽  
The United States ◽  
Earnings Inequality ◽  
Recent Period ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
Earnings Instability ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Income Instability

The inequality of earnings and of family incomes in the United States has increased since the late 1970s. The large rise in earnings inequality between the 1970s and the 1990s could reflect either a rise in disparity of permanent incomes, a rise in earnings instability, or some portion of both. In this paper, we provide longitudinal measures that separate changes in income inequality into changes that permanently change income to new levels and those that only reflect transitory change. We refer to the latter as changes in “income instability” and discuss how the instability of individual earnings and family income in the United States has evolved— as whole as well as for different types of individuals and families—over the last quarter century. We consider alternative definitions of instability that have been proposed, and establish that all studies find that instability is considerably higher today than in the mid-1970s. This increase in instability is not a recent phenomenon. Earnings instability rose sharply in the late 1970s and early 1980s, then stabilized at these high levels through the recent period, although it may be increasing once again. We also discuss the factors that may be driving this increase in instability.

The Great Recession and Economic Outcomes for Indigenous Peoples in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 695 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-157
Author(s):  
Randall Akee
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
The United States ◽  
Earnings Inequality ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
The Great Recession

This article examines the earnings and employment experience of American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIAN) and Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders (NHPI) residing in the United States during and after the Great Recession. I compare these populations to non-Hispanic whites over the same time period with respect to median earnings and inequality, labor force participation rates, earnings by location, educational attainment, and occupational status. I find that the AIAN population has the lowest median earnings and highest level of earnings inequality. NHPI and AIAN experience a sharp increase in earnings inequality over the Great Recession and AIAN have a pronounced drop in labor force participation; these inequality measures remained elevated and stable over the recovery period especially for the AIAN population. Indigenous peoples employed in food services occupations experienced the least amount of earnings decline over the Great Recession, while those employed in construction and sales experienced larger declines. Labor force participation rates dropped most dramatically for the AIAN population over the Great Recession and remained at a new lower level in the recovery period. The analysis shows that there are stark differences across time, space, and occupation for these groups.

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