Intergeneric Hybrids between Allohexaploid (Hordeum depressum x H. compressum) and Autotertraploid Svalof Rye (Secale cereale)

1967 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Schooler
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrids

Preferential intragenomic chromosome pairing in two new diploid intergeneric hybrids between Hordeum and Secale

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 594-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Gupta ◽  
George Fedak
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Binomial Distribution ◽  
Homologous Chromosome ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrids ◽  
Hybrid Combination ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Chromosome Segments

Intergeneric hybrids involving Hordeum californicum with Secale anatolicum and Hordeum bogdanii with Secale cereale ssp. segetale were produced at a frequency of 1.3% of pollinated florets. Chiasmata frequencies of plants ranged from 0.13 to 0.21 per cell in the first hybrid combination and from 0.30 to 0.68 per cell in the second. The paucity of heteromorphic bivalents indicated absence of a close relationship between parental genomes. The associations in bivalents could be classified into Secale–Secale (R–R), Hordeum–Hordeum (H–H), and Secale–Hordeum (R–H) on the basis of difference in size of the chromosomes of Secale and Hordeum. Using a binomial distribution, it is shown that there was preferential intragenomic (R–R, H–H) chromosome pairing, which was attributed to the presence of homologous chromosome segments on nonhomologous chromosomes of the same genome. The distribution of Hordeum and Secale chromosomes to the poles at anaphase occurred at random. Key words: Hordeum, Secale, hybrids (intergeneric), chromosome pairing.

INTERGENERIC HYBRIDS BETWEEN HORDEUM JUBATUM L. AND SECALE CEREALE L.

1959 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. WAGENAAR
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrids ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Hordeum Jubatum

Cold hardiness expression in interspecific hybrids and amphiploids of the Triticeae

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Limin ◽  
D. B. Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Gene Dosage ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrids ◽  
Agropyron Elongatum ◽  
Accurate Indication

Gene expression for cold hardiness was investigated in a number of interspecific or intergeneric hybrids and amphiploids of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell. or T. turgidum L.) and other members of the tribe Triticeae to assess the potential of alien species as donors of cold-hardiness genes for the improvement of wheat. Thinopyrum ponticum (Agropyron elongatum) hybrids with nonhardy T. aestivum had cold-hardiness levels similar to that of the more hardy Thinopyrum parent. Hybrids of Triticum cylindricum and both hardy and nonhardy T. aestivum were intermediate in cold hardiness with a tendency toward greater hardiness than the parental mean. Cold hardiness of hybrids between T. aestivum and Thinopyrum intermedium (Agropyron intermedium) was also close to the parental midpoint. Cold hardiness of T. aestivum – Secale cereale hybrids was greater than the less hardy parent. In contrast, cold-hardiness genes were not expressed beyond the level of the wheat parent in amphiploids combining wheat and the very hardy diploid species Agropyron cristatum and Secale cereale. The cold-hardiness level was also poor in an amphiploid produced from two relatively hardy tetraploid species (T. turgidum and T. cylindricum). These observations indicate that changes in ploidy level, relative to the parents, may influence the cold-hardiness potential of an interspecific combination by affecting gene dosage and possibly cell size. Poor expression of cold-hardiness genes from very hardy diploid genomes also indicated some degree of suppression, or homoeoallelic dominance of wheat cold-hardiness genes in amphiploids. Therefore, the performance of an interspecific hybrid or amphiploid of wheat may not give an accurate indication of the potential of alien species as gene donors for the improvement of wheat cold hardiness.Key words: gene expression, Triticum sp., triticale, Thinopyrum sp., Agropyron sp., Secale cereale.

Nonhomologous Chromosome Pairing in Aegilops-Secale Hybrids

2015 ◽  
Vol 147 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yarui Su ◽  
Dale Zhang ◽  
Yuge Li ◽  
Suoping Li
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Embryo Rescue ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrids ◽  
Meiotic Pairing ◽  
Chromosome Homology ◽  
R And D ◽  
Young Embryo ◽  
Nonhomologous Chromosome

Intergeneric hybrids and amphidiploid hybrids from crosses of Aegilopstauschii and Secale cereale were produced using young embryo rescue. The hybrids showed complete sets of both parental chromosomes. The dihaploid plants showed an average meiotic pairing configuration of 10.84 I + 1.57 II + 0.01 III. Genomic in situ staining revealed 3 types of bivalent associations, i.e. D-D, R-R and D-R at frequencies of 8.6, 8.2 and 83.3%, respectively. Trivalents consisted of D-R-D or R-D-R associations. These results suggested that both intra- and intergenomic chromosome homology were contributed to chromosome pairing. Derived amphidiploids with 2n = 28 paired at metaphase I of meiosis as 4.51 I + 11.70 II + 0.03 III. Chromosome pairing of amphidiploids appeared more or less regular, i.e. bivalent-like with some trivalent configurations.

Intergeneric hybrids between Secale cereale (2x) and Thinopyrum intermedium (6x)

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Fedak ◽  
K. C. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrids ◽  
Thinopyrum Intermedium ◽  
Paternal Parent ◽  
The Mean

Hybrids were obtained at the rate of 0.8% of pollinated florets in crossing of Thinopyrum intermedium spp. trichophorum onto Secale cereale cv. Puma. The morphology of the hybrid was similar to the paternal parent. The mean chromosome pairing in the hybrid was 18.80 I + 3.71 II + 0.56 III. A bivalent frequency of 0.04 was attributed to intergenomic pairing, the remainder being autosyndetic.Key words: hybrids (intergeneric), Secale, Thinopyrum, chromosome pairing, autosyndetic pairing.

Effet antioxydant et antihyperglycémiant du seigle (Secale cereale L.) et du sorgho (Sorghum bicolor L.) chez le rat Wistar rendu diabétique

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. S273-S283
Author(s):  
Z. Mami-Soualem ◽  
N. Brixi ◽  
C. Beghdad ◽  
M. Belarbi
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Stress Oxydant ◽  
Habitudes Alimentaires ◽  
Diabète Sucré ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Vitamine C ◽  
Fibres Alimentaires ◽  
Peroxydation Lipidique ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Le changement des habitudes alimentaires au cours de ces dernières années a abouti à l’apparition des maladies dites de civilisation, parmi elles le diabète sucré. Des approches diétothérapeutiques privilégient la consommation des produits céréaliers sous la forme la plus complète possible. Ce travail a pour but de tester l’efficacité des régimes expérimentaux préparés à base des grains complets des deux céréales, le sorgho (Sorghum bicolor L.) et le seigle (Secale cereale L.), sur la correction de l’hyperglycémie et des marqueurs du stress oxydant associés au diabète chez le rat mâle Wistar. Les résultats montrent que les rats diabétiques, soumis au régime seigle pendant quatre semaines, présentent une diminution significative de la glycémie qui atteint les 53,95 % à la fin de l’expérimentation, ce qui fait que leur taux en glycémie se rapproche de celui des normoglycémiques. Le sorgho blanc présente, d’une part, une diminution significative de la peroxydation lipidique intracellulaire et, d’autre part, une augmentation de l’activité de la glutathion peroxydase, la glutathion réductase ainsi que la vitamine C. Ces approches méthodologiques peuvent, en améliorant la connaissance de l’importance des céréales (fibres alimentaires solubles et des polyphénols) dans l’évolution du diabète, aboutir à des recommandations et à une éducation nutritionnelle du diabétique.

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