Seed Dormancy in Avena fatua. IV. Further Observations on the Effect of Mechanical Injury on Water Uptake and Germination in Different Pure Lines

1988 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-426
Author(s):  
M. V. S. Raju ◽  
A. I. Hsiao ◽  
G. I. McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Mechanical Injury ◽  
Pure Lines

Dormancy studies in seed of Avena fatua. 10. On the inheritance of germination behaviour

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (15) ◽  
pp. 1663-1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jana ◽  
S. N. Acharya ◽  
J. M. Naylor
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Seed Maturation ◽  
Germination Behaviour ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Pure Lines

Breeding experiments were performed with pure lines of Avena fatua differing characteristically in duration of primary seed dormancy. The results indicate that the parental lines differ for at least three genes controlling rate of afterripening. It is evident that at least two of these genes influence the rate of afterripening at different periods after seed maturation.

Dormancy studies in seed of Avena fatua. 13. Influence of drought stress during seed development on duration of seed dormancy

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1016-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramma Sawhney ◽  
J. M. Naylor
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Pure Line ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Primary Dormancy ◽  
Pure Lines

Plants of genetically dormant (D) and nondormant (ND) pure lines of Avena fatua were exposed to water stress during seed development. In comparison with normally well-watered controls, seeds produced by water-stressed plants exhibited shorter duration of primary dormancy. The magnitude of the effect varied among D families, but was consistently greater than in ND families.It is concluded that the dormancy phenotype of D lines is highly plastic and that the responses to high temperature and water stress are similar in a given pure line.

Coadaptation of seed dormancy and hormonal dependence of α-amylase production in endosperm segments of Avena fatua

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 1142-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh K. Upadhyaya ◽  
James M. Naylor ◽  
Graham M. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Multiple Alleles ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Amylase Production ◽  
Hormonal Dependence ◽  
Oat Seeds ◽  
Pure Lines

Autonomous (independent of the germinating embryo) α-amylase production was compared in the endosperm segments of some genetically pure lines of Avena fatua L. (wild oats) differing in the duration of their seed dormancy. Endosperm segments from six randomly taken dormant lines showed no α-amylase production unless gibberellic acid (GA3) was supplied. In contrast, endosperm segments from four out of six nondormant lines produced and released substantial amounts of α -amylase and reducing sugars. Thus, natural selection has resulted in coadaptation of seed dormancy and a rigorous dependence of endosperm hydrolysis on gibberellins produced by the germinating embryo. The variability in the degree of autonomy amongst nondormant lines indicates that the observed coupling of these two traits in dormant lines is not due to simple pleiotropy, but probably reflects the action of multiple genetic loci or multiple alleles. These results also indicate that long-term endosperm stability confers little advantage in wild oat seeds predisposed to brief periods of residence in soil.

Seed Dormancy in Avena fatua. I. Induction of Germination by Mechanical Injury

1983 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Hsiao ◽  
J. A. Hanes
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Mechanical Injury

Effects of immersing dry seeds in alkaline solutions on seed dormancy and water uptake in wild oat (Avena fatua)

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Q. Hou ◽  
G. M. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Breaking Dormancy

Effects of immersing dry seeds in KOH and NaOH solutions on seed dormancy and water uptake were studied in three dormant lines of wild oat (Avena fatua L.). KOH was more effective than NaOH in breaking dormancy. Maximum dormancy-breaking effect of 5.3 N KOH could be achieved with a 10- or 15-min treatment. Increase in treatment time did not necessarily increase germination; rather, it caused damage to the seeds. For 10-min treatment, 5.3 and 7.6 N KOH solutions were more effective than 3 and 9.8 N. Genetic lines responded differently to the KOH treatment. Initial rate and amount of water uptake by KOH-treated seed were significantly higher than by the untreated. It is believed that breaking dormancy by the alkaline treatment is related to removing the barrier to water uptake formed by the seed coat. Key words: Alkalis, Avena fatua, dormancy, seed coat, seedling growth

scholarly journals Effects of Different Pretreatments and Seed Coat on Dormancy and Germination of Seeds of Senna obtusifolia (L.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby (Fabaceae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Stephen I. Mensah ◽  
Chimezie Ekeke
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Physical Dormancy ◽  
Senna Obtusifolia

<p class="1Body">The seed dormancy of <em>Senna obtusifolia</em> was investigated through various methods, namely pretreatments in concentrated sulfuric acid, 2% potassium nitrate (KNO<sub>3</sub>), 99% ethanol, 99% methanol, and in hydrogen perioxide; examination of the seed coverings; and the determination of water uptake by the seeds in order to ascertain the most effective technique for breaking dormancy and also determine the dormancy type. The results showed that sulfuric acid treatment recorded the highest germination (100%); followed by 2% hydrogen peroxide treatment (24%) in 15minutes immersion. The methanol and ethanol pretreatments gave 18.33% and 16.5% germinations respectively. Pretreatment in 2% potassium nitrate gave the lowest germination (8.50%), while the intact seeds of <em>S. obtusifiolia</em> (control) gave 0% germination. The anatomy of the seed coat indicated the presence of hard, thickened and specialized cells of cuticle, macrosclereids, osteoscereids, and disintegrated parenchyma layers. The water uptake of intact seeds was low (13.5%) after 24 hr imbibitions. These findings revealed that the seed coat acts as barrier to germination by preventing water absorption, possibly gaseous diffusion in and out of the seed and conferring mechanical resistance to the protrusion of embryo. Pretreatments, such as immersion in H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4 </sub>will soften the seed coat and permit germination. Seed dormancy in <em>S. obtusifolia </em>can be considered of physical nature and classified as physical dormancy. The results obtained in this study may serve as useful information in the production and improvement of <em>S. obtusifolia </em>seedlings, as knowledge on seed dormancy and germination is a critical factor and requirements to the understanding of the propagation of this plant either in situ or ex-situ, in view of the economic potentials/attributes of this species.</p>

Genetic basis of dormancy and differential response to sodium azide in Avena fatua seeds

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jana ◽  
M. K. Upadhyaya ◽  
S. N. Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Differential Response ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Maternal Influence ◽  
Maternal Parent ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Respiratory Inhibitor ◽  
Pure Lines

Seven crosses, involving either nondormant × dormant or dormant × dormant pure lines of wild oats (Avena fatua L.), were made. Selfing of the hybrid and further hybridization were carried out to produce the F2 and reciprocal backcross generations. The seed germination time-course curves of the parents, their F1, and segregating generations over a 20-week period were studied. Differences in time course of germination in these generations were interpreted in terms of a minimum of three interacting loci. Two pure lines, AN51 and MO73, differed in their response to sodium azide, a respiratory inhibitor, with the former being more responsive. In crosses between these lines, the F1 seeds were also more responsive when AN51 was used as the maternal parent. This differential response of two dormant pure lines and their reciprocal F1s suggests maternal influence in germination response to sodium azide.

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