Chapter 5 asks what Christians were supposed to learn from the stories about the Capitoline Hill’s special status in Roman memory as the inviolable citadel of Jupiter’s people. Christian intellectuals such as Tertullian, followed by Clement of Alexandria, Eusebius of Caesarea, Lactantius, and Arnobius, ridiculed Roman history and mythology. Jerome, Ambrose, Prudentius, Augustine, and others pursued the same agenda into the fourth and fifth centuries. For these apologists, the ways of knowing the Capitol could be flipped to suddenly make clear that the beloved traditions at the heart of the Capitol’s symbolic status could not stand up to scrutiny. Of particular importance to these men was the belief that Jupiter lived in his house on the Capitoline Hill and was especially interested in protecting the Roman people through the long history of their state, a series of arguments reanimated with significance in the years following the Gothic king Alaric’s occupation of Rome in 410.