Transmission of Drug-Resistant HIV After an Occupational Exposure Despite Postexposure Prophylaxis With a Combination Drug Regimen

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 345-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise M. Beltrami ◽  
Chi-Cheng Luo ◽  
Nicolas de la Torre ◽  
Denise M. Cardo
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Infected Patient ◽  
Drug Regimen ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Postexposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Combination Drug ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug Resistance ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract We documented a case of occupational human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) despite postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) with a combination drug regimen after percutaneous injury with a needle from a sharps disposal container in the hospital room of an HIV-infected patient. This failure of PEP with a combination drug regimen may have been related to antiretroviral drug resistance, other factors, or both. This case highlights the importance of preventing injury to prevent occupational transmission of HIV.

scholarly journals Genotyping and antiretroviral drug resistance of human immunodeficiency Virus-1 in Jazan, Saudi Arabia

Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (49) ◽  
pp. e23274
Author(s):  
Eitezaz A. Zaki ◽  
Mai M. El-Daly ◽  
Ahmed Abdulhaq ◽  
Tagreed L. Al-Subhi ◽  
Ahmed M. Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug Resistance ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1

scholarly journals Virologic Failure and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Drug Resistance in Rural Cameroon With Regard to the UNAIDS 90-90-90 Treatment Targets

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Boullé ◽  
Emilande Guichet ◽  
Charles Kouanfack ◽  
Avelin Aghokeng ◽  
Benjamin Onambany ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Virologic Failure ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors ◽  
Treatment Targets ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug Resistance ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Rural Cameroon

Abstract Background In rural Africa, data on virologic effectiveness of antiretroviral treatment (ART) are not sufficient to assess the gap with the UNAIDS 90-90-90 treatment targets. We investigated the prevalences of unsuppressed viral load and antiretroviral drug resistance and the profile of genotypic resistance mutations among patients routinely treated in rural Cameroon. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in 2013–2014 among patients ≥15 years and on first-line ART for ≥6 months in a district hospital. Patients were offered free access to human immunodeficiency virus viral load testing. Genotypic drug resistance testing was done when the viral load was >1000 copies/mL. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship of unsuppressed viral load or antiretroviral drug resistance with sociodemographic and medical characteristics. Results Of 407 patients (women 74.9%, median age 41.8 years, median time on ART 29.2 months), 96 (23.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 19.5–28.0) had unsuppressed viral load and 74 (18.2%; 95% CI, 14.6–22.3) had antiretroviral drug resistance. The prevalences of unsuppressed viral load and resistance increased with time on ART, from 12.0% and 8.0% in the 6- to 12-month group to 31.3% and 27.1% in the >72-month group, respectively. All 74 patients with antiretroviral drug resistance were resistant to nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors, and 57 of them were also resistant to nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors. Conclusions Our estimations were among the highest observed in the west and central African region. The proportion of patients with virologic failure should be divided at least by 2 to reach the UNAIDS 90-90-90 treatment targets.

scholarly journals Eight-day Inpatient Directly Observed Therapy for Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Failure: A Tool For Preventing Unnecessary ART Changes and Optimizing Adherence Support

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1222-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole E Winchester ◽  
Frank Maldarelli ◽  
Yolanda Mejia ◽  
Nicola Dee ◽  
Robin Dewar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Virologic Failure ◽  
Directly Observed Therapy ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug Resistance ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug ◽  
Adherence Support ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract Eight-day inpatient directly observed therapy confirmed nonadherence as the major cause of virologic failure for 9 (45%) of 20 highly treatment-experienced persons with human immunodeficiency virus, extensive antiretroviral drug resistance, and high self-reported adherence rates, preventing unnecessary regimen changes.

scholarly journals Antiretroviral Drug Resistance in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 3611-3619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel L. Ntemgwa ◽  
Thomas d'Aquin Toni ◽  
Bluma G. Brenner ◽  
Ricardo J. Camacho ◽  
Mark A. Wainberg
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug Resistance ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus
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