Feeding preference of herbivorous fish: Family Scaridae

Abstract Parrotfish is one of dominant species in Indo-Pacific areas which have 9 genera and 83 species. In ecological perspective, the feeding behaviours of these fish very important, due to control population of algae in coral reef ecosystem. They used their jaw to excavate and scrape alga which living on coral substrata, so sometime resulted on erosion in substrates and coral. The aim of this research to record the diet preference of Scariids fish in NCF Putri Menjangan conservation area, Bali on January to february 2020. Group of Scariids fish was recorded by underwater camera for one minute then the bites scared were calculated manually and photographed. The result of study showed that 10 species from two genera (Chlorurus and Scarus) was dominantly herbivorous fish in this area. The highest number of fish bites at station 1 was obtained from S. qouyi species with a total of 41.27 bpm, while stations 2 and 3 were obtained from S. rivulatus species with a number of 40.96 bpm and 41.59 bpm, respectively. The majority of parrotfish species found chose to forage on dead coral with algae substrates because the water conditions were not optimal for the growth of coral, so many corals died and their skeletons were overgrown by algae.

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Effectivity of Normal Concrete and Clamshell as Materials of Artificial Pyramid Reef at Pasir Putih Beach, Situbondo - Indonesia

Jurnal Segara ◽

10.15578/segara.v17i1.8247 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Rudhy Akhwady ◽

Muhammad Akhyar Maududi ◽

Dwi Chandra Dewi ◽

Oktiyas Muzaky Luthfi

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Artificial Reef ◽

Field Research ◽

Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽

Normal Concrete ◽

Underwater Camera ◽

Descriptive Method ◽

Important Purpose ◽

Reef Ecosystem ◽

Better Than

The bivalve anadara grandis is one of the most abundant shells which are easy to find in Indonesian waters. The number of clams consumed is directly proportional to the amount of clamshell waste, which the most part is only disposed into waste. Coral reef has a very important purpose in supporting activities in coastal areas. Artificial reef is a structure that has aim to restore the biological purpose coral reef that have been damaged. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the use of normal concrete (made from sand, cement dan splits only) than clamshell mixture as materials of artificial reef. A field research was conducted in Pasir Putih, Situbondo, with visual descriptive method (transect with a quadrant of 25 x 25cm) and underwater camera as an aid to facilitate the observation. During the 4-month observation of the drowning, nine types of biotas were found in attaching, with the dominant biota attached to these artificial reef were bivalves, barnacles, and bryozoan. Results show that the total number and density of calcareous biota attached on clamshell concretes are higher than those of standard concretes. So, it could be concluded that the concrete reefs made of clamshells resulted in attachment of biota slightly higher than it of normal concretes and the benefits of both materials can form the coral reef ecosystem well. In particular, the use of artificial reef with a mixture of clamshells is better than normal concrete because its more effective for algae attachment and cheaper because low budget due to the material availability of clamshell presently as damage and wastes in coastal area.

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KONDISI EKOSISTEM TERUMBU KARANG DI PERAIRAN KRUENG RAYA, KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR

JURNAL PERIKANAN TROPIS ◽

10.35308/jpt.v8i1.2557 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

Nurul Najmi ◽

M Rizki Fazillah ◽

Muhammad Agustiar

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Coral Cover ◽

Live Coral ◽

Coral Mortality ◽

Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽

Dead Coral ◽

High Increase ◽

Mortality Index ◽

Malacca Strait ◽

Reef Ecosystem

This study aims to analyze the condition of the coral reef ecosystem including the substrate, genus composition, and the level of coral mortality in the waters of the Malacca Strait, Masjid Raya District, Aceh Besar District. The research was conducted from October 2016 to October 2019 in the waters of the Malacca Strait, Masjid Raya District, Aceh Besar District. The research site is divided into three stations consisting of Lhok Mee Station, Ahmad Rhang Manyang and Benteng Inong Balee Station. Data were collected using the Point Intercept Transect method. The results showed that the condition of coral reefs at Lhok Mee Station was in the damaged category with coral cover ranging from 6.56% - 13.44%. Ahmad Rhang Manyang Station is included in the moderate to good category with coral cover ranging from 38.75% - 67.19%. Meanwhile, Benteng Inong Balee Station is included in the medium category with coral cover ranging from 45.94% - 56.88%. The monitoring results found that 30 coral genera with the highest composition of the coral genera came from the Porites genus, while other coral genera were unevenly distributed. The value of the mortality index for Lhok Mee Station shows a high increase in mortality of live coral to dead coral. Meanwhile, Ahmad Rhang Manyang and Benteng Inong Balee stations have low coral mortality index values.

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CORAL REEF CONDITION AND HARD CORAL (SCLERACTINIA) COMUNITY IN LOCAL MARINE CONSERVATION AREA, BENGKAYANG, WEST KALIMANTAN

KnE Life Sciences ◽

10.18502/kls.v2i1.205 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 507

Author(s):

Miftahul Huda ◽

Suwarno Hadisusanto ◽

Encus Widyatmoko

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Coral Reefs ◽

Coral Community ◽

Marine Conservation ◽

Hard Coral ◽

Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽

Conservation Area ◽

West Kalimantan ◽

Economical Aspect ◽

Reef Ecosystem

Coral reef ecosystem has diverse shape and stunning beauty. It has high value on both ecological and economical aspect it has productivity greater than other marine life. Local Marine Conservation Area, Bengkayang, West Kalimantan (Lemukutan island, Penata Besar island, Penata Kecil island, Seluas island, Rahdayan island) has a high potential on coastal and marine natural resources especially coral reefs ecosystem. The study was purposed to determine the condition coral reef ecosystem and the diversity of hard corals (Scleractinia). Samples have been taking from 5-7 meters depth in every point using Line Intercept Transect method (LIT). The observation result from the coral reef in Local Marine Conservation Area showed as the followings varies from bad to good (13.82 – 69.00%), but biotic components were found in each area that consist of sediment with percentage of 4.32-37.68% and the rock of 2.57- 38.22%. Hard coral community consists of 35 species including seven families. Genus Acropora as hard coral species is dominating the five islands. The damage of coral reefs that occurs in most of the study area is due to increased suspended material (sediments). Keywords: Coral reefs, Scleractinia, Acropora, LIT, Local Marine Conservation Area, Bengkayang, West Kalimantan.

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Diversity and Coverage of Coral Reefs in the Olele Regional Marine Conservation Area, Gorontalo

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.c1055.0193s20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3S) ◽

pp. 246-249

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Coral Reefs ◽

Marine Protected Area ◽

Coral Cover ◽

Marine Conservation ◽

Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽

Conservation Areas ◽

Conservation Area ◽

Marine Park ◽

Reef Ecosystem

Olele Marine Park is one of the Regional Marine Conservation Areas (KKLD) which is designated as a conservation area based on the Decree of the Regent of Bone Bolango No. 165 of 2006. As one of the Marine Parks, the Olele KKLD provides a coral reef ecosystem which is an important asset in attracting local and foreign tourists to visit. Seeing tourism activities in the area referred to by monitoring and observing the condition of coral reefs is a big concern to do for the sake of ecosystem sustainability in the future. This study aims to study the extent and extent of coral cover in the Olele Regional Marine Protected Area. This research was conducted in April to May 2019 in Olele Village. The study used the LIT method at three stations at depths of 2 and 4 meters. The results showed station I depth 2 and 4 m wide coral cover 12.8% and 22.9% classified as bad, station II coral cover area 24.1% and 37.5% classified as poor on the surface of 2 m and moderate at height 4 m, while at station III the area of coral cover is 86.5% at a depth of 2 m and 95.4% a depth of 4 m with coral conditions that are still very good. For the index of coral reef diversity in the medium category.

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THE COMPOSITION AND DISTRIBUTION OF BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA AT CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEM IN THOUSANDS ISLAND

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ◽

10.29244/jitkt.v5i1.7741 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lumban Nauli Lumban Toruan ◽

Dedi Soedharma ◽

Kresna Tri Dewi

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Human Activities ◽

Close Association ◽

Mesh Size ◽

Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽

Composition Distribution ◽

Benthic Foraminifers ◽

High Nutrient ◽

Binocular Microscope ◽

Reef Ecosystem

Composition and distribution of foraminifers are affected by human activities and have close association with coral reef ecosystem. The aims of this research were to investigate the benthic foraminifers’ composition and distribution in sediment of coral reef ecosystem. Eleven stations of Karang Bongkok, Pramuka, and Onrust Island were observed in this study. The sediments were taken from surface substrate up to 2 cm under the substrate. Samples were washed on sieve with mesh size 0,063 mm, and then dried in oven with 50°C of temperature for two hours. After separating from the sediment, the foraminifers were laid on foraminiferal slide and indentified using binocular microscope. The highest composition of symbiont-bearing foraminiferal assemblages which associated with reef ecosystem was in East Pramuka (78.17%) and the lowest was in South Onrust (21,83%). The opportunistic type had the highest composition in South Onrust (38.67%) and the lowest was in South Karang Bongkok. In west Pramuka had the highest composition of heterotrophic type (57.17%) and the lowest was in North Onrust (11.33%). Onrust Island was dominated by opportunistic type, indicating high nutrient. The highest amount of foraminifers’ taxa was found in Karang Bongkok with good coral reef coverage, while the lowest in Onrust facing with Jakarta Bay. Keywords: composition, distribution, benthic foraminifers, coral reef.

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