KONDISI EKOSISTEM TERUMBU KARANG DI PERAIRAN KRUENG RAYA, KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR

This study aims to analyze the condition of the coral reef ecosystem including the substrate, genus composition, and the level of coral mortality in the waters of the Malacca Strait, Masjid Raya District, Aceh Besar District. The research was conducted from October 2016 to October 2019 in the waters of the Malacca Strait, Masjid Raya District, Aceh Besar District. The research site is divided into three stations consisting of Lhok Mee Station, Ahmad Rhang Manyang and Benteng Inong Balee Station. Data were collected using the Point Intercept Transect method. The results showed that the condition of coral reefs at Lhok Mee Station was in the damaged category with coral cover ranging from 6.56% - 13.44%. Ahmad Rhang Manyang Station is included in the moderate to good category with coral cover ranging from 38.75% - 67.19%. Meanwhile, Benteng Inong Balee Station is included in the medium category with coral cover ranging from 45.94% - 56.88%. The monitoring results found that 30 coral genera with the highest composition of the coral genera came from the Porites genus, while other coral genera were unevenly distributed. The value of the mortality index for Lhok Mee Station shows a high increase in mortality of live coral to dead coral. Meanwhile, Ahmad Rhang Manyang and Benteng Inong Balee stations have low coral mortality index values.

PENGARUH KOMPOSISI PROBIOTIK YANG BERBEDA PADA PAKAN BUATAN TERHADAP RASIO KONVERSI PAKAN DAN LAJU PERTUMBUHAN BENIH IKAN GABUS LOKAL (Channa sp) HASIL DOMESTIKASI

Snakehead fish (Channa sp.) was one of Indonesia's native freshwater commodities that has been successfully domesticated by fish cultivators in Indonesia. However, domesticated snakehead fish cultivation still has obstacles, namely the high value of the feed conversion ratio and the low growth rate of local snakehead fish. Overcoming this problem requires a technology that can optimize the feed conversion ratio and growth rate of domestic snakehead fish. One technology that can be applied is the used of probiotic technology. This study aims to test the provision of different probiotics through feed to optimize the feed conversion ratio and growth rate of domestic snakehead fish. This research was conducted using experimental methods. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and each treatment was repeated 3 times. The treatments were treatment without probiotics / control (P0), treatment of the probiotic composition of Lactobacillus sp., Bacillus spp. and Nitrosomonas sp. (P1), treatment of the probiotic composition of Lactobacillus casei and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P2), treatment of the probiotic composition of Lactobacillus sp., Acetobacter, Rhodobacter sp., Yeast (P3). The results showed that giving different probiotic compositions through feed on the parameters of feed conversion ratio and growth rate did not give results that were not significantly different (P> 0.05) when compared to control, but the highest treatment value was found in the probiotic composition of Lactobacillus casei and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

SEBARAN UKURAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN HIU MARTIL (BY CATCH) YANG DIDARATKAN DI PANGKALAN PENDARATAN IKAN (PPI) UJONG BAROH MEULABOH

Hammerhead shark is a type of predator shark belongs to the family of Sphyrnidae. This shark is so aggressive in hunting prey such as fish, squid, and shrimp. The hammerhead shark in Indonesia is included in Appendix II of CITES and has been a special concern in the field of capture fisheries. The aim of the study was to see the size spread, the number of catches, the first size caught, the age growth and the genital ratio of the hammerhead sharks caught with the base fish net. The study was conducted from October to December 2019. The shark measurement was performed once in 2 weeks. Sharks caught by the gills of the base (buttom gilt net) were measured using a roll meter. The collection of hammerhead sharks included total length (TL), number of catches and genital ratio. The analysis was done descriptively using the ELEFAN I existing on Sofwere FiSAT II. The results showed that the hammerhead sharks caught with an gill net of 65 tails from October to December 2019 were taken on the male genital. The total size spread of female malletic sharks were between 61.5-131.5 cm and male hammering sharks between 61.5-111.5 cm. The morphologically spread of the female hammerhead was relatively longer than the male shark. The male hammerhead shark was first captured at a length of 117.9 cm and a female hammerhead shark at a size of 106.2 cm. Hammerhead shark growth by following the curve of von Bertalanffy mallet were male Lt = 138,08 (1-exp (-0.480 (t + 0.0487)) and female mallet shark Lt = 138,08 (1-exp (-0.430 (t + 0.0434)). Such equations can be known by using the relationship curve model between the age and length of fish.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR KESELAMATAN PENGOPERASIAN ALAT TANGKAP PURSE SEINE DI KEPULAUAN RIAU

Safety work on board in connection with capture fisheries specifically has the aim of preventing or reducing accidents and their consequences in the possibility of hazards and risks when carrying out activities on board. The purpose of this study was to describe the fishing operation activities using purse seine fishing gear that can pose risks and identify opportunities for failure and possible consequences that will occur when carrying out fishing activities and to determine the role of safety work on board. The research method used Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA) to examine every activity involved in the operation of the purse seine fishing gear by dividing each activity into sub-activities carried out in the plan and descriptively utilizing problem-solving procedures investigated by describing the condition of the subject or object. The operation of purse seine fishing gear in Batam City has the potential to cause fatigue, injury, drowning, injury consequences. There are 58 activities out of 8 activity stages in the operation of the purse seine fishing gear with a Total Work Intensity (IKT) value of 557 OA (Activity Person). The value of Primary Work Intensity (IKP) at the hauling stage was the highest (0.317) with a total work intensity of 154 OA.

SEBARAN RUMPON PESISIR PADA DAERAH PENANGKAPAN PURSE SEINE DI PERAIRAN DESA URENG KECAMATAN LEIHITU, KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH

The Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs) have been utilized for a long time by the purse seine fishermen in Ureng. This research was aimed at mapping the devices operating by Ureng fishermen and indentifying the dominant captured fish surrounding the set devices. This research was conducted in Lihitu district, Central Maluku Regency. The results showed that there was one large circle that resembled a ball with several groups of five small circles inside. Based on the type, the dominant fish caught around the FADs were mackerel (45 ton), mackerel tuna (25 ton), and skipjack tuna (20 ton). Overall, this study found that the catch using the purse seine in the five FAD groups was dominated by small and medium sized fish. In conclusion, under the potential fishing area for purse saine fishermen in Ureng, if the distance between the FADs is adjusted, fish are not trapped forever in the FADs and can migrate, lay eggs in other areas outside the waters of Ureng.

PENGARUH KOMBINASI PAKAN KOMERSIAL DENGAN DAUN KANGKUNG AIR (Ipomoea aquatica) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN IKAN MAS (Cyprinus carpio)

This study aimed to analyze the effect of commercial feed combination with water spinach leaves (Ipomoea aquatica) at different ratios on the growth of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). This research was conducted for 35 days, located in Seteluk Atas Village, Seteluk District, West Sumbawa Regency. The common carp seeds used were 5-7 cm in size from one brood. The container used was 16 liter in size with a density of 10 fish / treatment. The method used in this study was an experimental method using a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications, namely, P1: 100% commercial feed (control), P2: commercial feed + water spinach leaves (1+1), P3: commercial feed + water spinach leaves (1+2), P4: commercial feed + water spinach leaves (1+3), P5: 100% water spinach leaves. The data obtained were then calculated and analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results of this study indicated that the use of commercial feed combination with water spinach leaves can affect growth, feed efficiency and feed conversion of common carp but did not affect the survival of common carp. Provision of 100% commercial feed (P1) and combination of commercial feed with water spinach leaves at a ratio of 1:2 (P3) had the same effect in increasing the growth of common carp, namely 1.17 g and 1.11 g, respectively.

KAJIAN MUTU KIMIAWI TEPUNG TULANG IKAN TUNA SIRIP KUNING (Thunnus albacares) DENGAN SUHU PENGERINGAN YANG BERBEDA

Yellow fin tuna (Thunnus albacares) is one type of high economic value fish. The tuna fillet processing itself produces some byproducts including fish bones. The byproduct can be reused as a product and food material. This study aimed to know the chemical quality of the yellow fin tuna bone powder with different drying temperature. The method used were experimental with 3 treatments and descriptive analysis. The treatment of temperature drying (90oC, 105oC, and 120oC), and the method of proximate analyzed refers to SNI. The parameters observed were yield, moisture, ash, protein, fat and calcium content. The result showed that yellow fin tuna bone powder with different drying temperature was best at treatment with value moisture content of P1 = 10.99 %, ash content of P3 = 59.95 %, protein content of P1 = 15.84 %, fat content of P3 = 7.05 %, calcium content of P3 = 20.75% and yield of P1 = 22.92 %.

PEMANFAATAN ALAT TANGKAP IKAN TRADISIONAL OLEH NELAYAN PULAU BAWEAN KABUPATEN GRESIK

Bawean Island is located in the middle of the Java Sea, about 150 km north of Gresik. The name Bawean was taken from the Sanskrit which means there is sunlight. The Bawean people are acculturation from several ethnic groups of Java, Madura, Kalimantan, Sulawesi and Sumatera including their culture and language. The majority of Bawean residents work as fishermen. Bawean Island fishermen utilize marine resources to meet the needs of their family by using knowledge that has been obtained from previous generations. The purpose of this study was to determine the use of traditional fishing gear and fishing strategies used by fishing communities in Bawean Island. The research method used was direct observation, and sampling using Purposive Sampling and Snowball Sampling. The results showed that the fishing gears used by Bawean Island fishermen were kareket (waring), pajeng (payang), jhering cursor (ring net), rompon (bubu), jhering pemhir (drift gill net), payimbek rentengan (drag fishing), gerany Panyimbek (drag fishing line), panceng (fishing line). These fishing gears are very environmentally friendly because the usage does not damage the seabed ecosystem. Each fishing gear has its own characteristics, so that different fishing gear will result in different fishing catch

ASPEK BIOLOGI IKAN SIRO (Amblygaster sirm) BERDASARKAN DATA DI PELABUHAN PERIKANAN PANTAI TASIKAGUNG, REMBANG

Spotted sardinella is one of small pelagic fish with high economic protein and it has been caught by mini purse seine. In fact, Spotted sardinella has a large number of catches which can endanger their sustainability in Java Sea. The purpose of the study was to find out the length of first caught, length and weight relationship, growth parameters, mortality rate, and exploitation rate of spotted sardinella. The method used was survey method. The data were collected once in every 1 month during August until November 2021 at Tasikagung Fishery Port. The primary data collected were fish total length (mmTL) and fish weight (g). The result of the study revealed that size structure of fish ranged from 120-205 mmTL and length first capture 170 mmTl. The length-weight relationship analysis was W = 0,00000571 L 3,54 with positive allometric growth pattern. The growth parameters by Von Bertanlanffy was Lt = 206,5(1-e-0,95(t+0,00266)) and it was categorized as fast growth. The fishing mortality and natural mortality were 1,71 year-1 and 1,01 year-1. The exploitation rate was 0,63 year-1, which means sardinella has been exploited.

BAKTERI PATOGEN PADA KEPITING KELAPA (Birgus latro)

Coconut crab (Birgus latro) is a fishery resource with high economic value. Coconut Crab is only found in eastern Indonesia, covering Sulawesi, Maluku and North Maluku. One of the habitat of Coconut Crab in North Maluku is Moor Island, Central Halmahera. The coastal typology of this island is predominantly rocky with many gaps and small caves, as well as several steep slopes with dominant vegetation conditions of coconut, beach pandanus and other coastal plants. Walnut Crab is often used as a consumption ingredient because it has delicious taste and high nutritions. However, the use of crustaceans for consumption can also be dangerous. This is because crustaceans also contain several pathogenic bacteria. This study aimed to identify pathogenic bacteria isolated from Coconut Crab which is the largest crustacean in the world. 5 samples of Coconut Crab were taken from Moor Island. Isolated samples marked KK1, KK2, KK3, KK4 and KK5. Pure bacterial isolates were obtained from Coconut Crab samples, evaluated for colony type and identified based on biochemical characterization. The types of pathogenic bacteria identified in samples KK1, KK2, KK3, KK4 and KK5 were Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas sp. and Staphylococcus sp.