Testing Instrument For Water Quality and Drinking Water Using Oxidation and Electromagnetic Methods (Case Study: Local Water Company at Bangka Barat)

In this chapter the principals and applications of principal component analysis (PCA) applied on hydrological data are presented. Four case studies showed the possibility of PCA to obtain information about wastewater treatment process, drinking water quality in a city network and to find similarities in the data sets of ground water quality results and water-related images. In the first case study, the composition of raw and cleaned wastewater was characterised and its temporal changes were displayed. In the second case study, drinking water samples were divided into clusters in consistency with their sampling localities. In the case study III, the similar samples of ground water were recognised by the calculation of cosine similarity, the Euclidean and Manhattan distances. In the case study IV, 32 water-related images were transformed into a large image matrix whose dimensionality was reduced by PCA. The images were clustered using the PCA scatter plots.

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THE ASSESSMENT OF THE VARIATION OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL SOURCES FOR DRINKING WATER QUALITY USING CHEMOMETRICS: A CASE STUDY AT WATER TREATMENT PLANTS IN KLANG VALLEY

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/.v78.4170 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 78 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Manutha Appa Rwoo ◽

Hafizan Juahir ◽

Nor Malisa Roslan ◽

Mohd Ekhwan Toriman ◽

Azizah Endut ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Drinking Water Quality ◽

Water Treatment Plants ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Drinking Water Samples ◽

Source Of Pollution

This case study characterizes the drinking water quality by using the multivariate technique. The spatial variation of the physico-chemical and heavy metals parameters toxicity with the drinking water quality based on 28 water treatment plants in Selangor, Malaysia from 2009 to 2012 was evaluated. The objectives of this study are to analyze the physio-chemical activities and heavy metals activities in the collected drinking water samples from the treatment plants, and to detect the source of pollution for the most revealing parameters. The discriminant analysis (DA) and the principal component analysis (PCA) are the chemometric techniques used to investigate the spatial variation of the most significant physico-chemical and heavy metal parameters of the drinking water samples. The classification matrix accuracy for standard mode of DA, forward stepwise and backward stepwise for the physico-chemical and heavy metal parameters are excellent. PCA highlighted 13 significant parameters out of 18 physico-chemical water quality parameters and 14 significant parameters out of 16 heavy metal parameters. PCA was carried out to identify the origin and source of pollution of each water quality parameters. For that reason, this study proves that chemometric method is the principle way to explain the characteristic of the drinking water quality.

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