Community-based participatory research (CBPR), as a research paradigm emphasizing principles of participation, action, and empowerment, has been widely applied in public health areas to address health needs of local communities and reduce health disparities across ethnic, geographic, socioeconomic, and cultural groups. In this chapter, we briefly introduce the core concepts and main components of the CBPR approach, review its theoretical roots, and highlight its significance in connecting academic scholars and local partners and bridging research and practice. We illustrate the concepts through an adapted CBPR theoretical model with a focus on 4 dimensions—contexts, group dynamics, intervention, and outcomes—considered in developing and implementing a CBPR intervention project. We conclude with a case study of a behavioral intervention project in China to demonstrate how to apply CBPR principles in the context of global health and make several recommendations based on experiences gained from this and other projects.