Abstract
Background
Influenza and tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccines is recommended for pregnant women to protect themselves and their infants from adverse health outcomes.
Objectives
To estimate the prevalence of maternal influenza and Tdap vaccination and determine factors associated with receipt of these vaccines.
Methods
We analyzed 2019 data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, from 43 jurisdictions. We estimated the overall prevalence of women reporting receipt of a healthcare provider offer or recommendation for influenza vaccine (n=44,528), and influenza vaccine during the 12 months before delivery (n=44,213). We also estimated Tdap vaccine receipt during pregnancy from the 21 jurisdictions (n=22,972). Maternal influenza and Tdap vaccination were examined by selected maternal characteristics and by jurisdiction.
Results
Overall, 86.4% of women reported being offered or recommended an influenza vaccination, and 60.8% of women reported receiving an influenza vaccination in the 12 months prior to their delivery, ranging from 36.0% in Puerto Rico to 82.1% in Rhode Island. Tdap receipt during pregnancy was 73.7%, ranging from 52.2% in Mississippi to 85.1% in Vermont. Prevalence of influenza vaccination was lower among women aged 18–24 years (52.2%), who are non-Hispanic black (44.5%), with a high school diploma or less education (51.3%), with no prenatal insurance (43.2%), having no (42.0%) prenatal care, with ≥3 previous live births (49.3%) and not offered or recommended the influenza vaccine by a healthcare provider (20.0%). Tdap vaccination also varied by all characteristics examined and was lower among similar groups of women observed to have lower influenza vaccination uptake.
Conclusion
In 2019, influenza and Tdap vaccination were suboptimal among women with a recent live birth. It is important that U.S. jurisdictions provide equitable access to these vaccines during pregnancy. These results may also inform efforts for vaccination for other infectious diseases among pregnant women.
Influenza and Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Acellular Pertussis Vaccination During Pregnancy, Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, 2019
