scholarly journals Suppression of Annual Bluegrass Weevil on a Golf Course Fairway with Split Applications of Chlor-Pyrifos and Experimental Formulations, 1996

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 362-362
Author(s):  
P.R. Heller ◽  
R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Application Time ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Annual Bluegrass Weevil

Abstract The fairway consisted primarily of annual bluegrass (70%) and Kentucky bluegrass (30%) in Bedford County, PA. Applications were made when flowering dogwood was in full bloom. Treatment plots were 6 X 6 ft, arranged in a RCB design and replicated 4 times. Liquid formulations were applied with a CO2 compressed air sprayer with four 8004VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on a 6 fi boom, operating at 28 psi, and applied in 272 ml of water/36 ft2 or delivering 2 gal water/1,000 ft2. At the 1st treatment time (14 May), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 57°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 64°F; soil temperature at 2 inch depth, 60°F; RH, 35% amount of thatch, 0.25-0.50 inches; soil textural class, loam; soil particle size analysis: 27.4% sand, 46.9% silt, 25.8% clay; soil moisture (oven dry weight) 46.6%; organic matter, 6.8%; water pH, 7; soil pH, 5.9; application time, mid-morning; and clear skies. The experimental area was irrigated with 0.1 inch 24 hr after treatment. At the 2nd treatment time (31 May), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: application time, late-morning; air tem perature, 61°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 64°F; soil temperature at 2-inch depth, 58°F; RH, 48%; amount of thatch, 0.25-0.50 inch; soil texturai class, loam; soil particle size analysis: 27.4% sand, 46.9% silt, 25.8% clay; organic matter, 6.8%; soil condition, moist; water pH, 7; soil pH, 5.9; and cleai skies. The experimental area was irrigated with 0.1 inch 1 hr after treatment. Post-treatment counts were made on 19 Jun. Annual bluegrass weevil con trol was evaluated by removing three 4-inch cup cutter sod samples from each replicate and recording the total number of annual bluegrass weevil life stages (larva, pupa, adult) per sample. Totals were then converted to a ft2 count.

Evaluation to Manage Annual Bluegrass Weevil on a Golf Course Fairway with Vector Tl and Dursban in Bedford County, Pa, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-281
Author(s):  
P. R. Heller ◽  
R. Walker ◽  
C. Silcox
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Annual Bluegrass Weevil

Abstract The fairway consisted primarily of annual bluegrass (70%) and Kentucky bluegrass (30%). Treatment plots were 9 × 6 ft, arranged in a RCB design, replicated 4 times. Two ft barriers were placed between each treatment replicate. Liquid formulations were applied with a CO2 compressed air sprayer with four 8004VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on a 6 ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and delivering 5 gal/1000 ft2. At treatment time (23 May), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 84°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 68°F; soil temperature at 2 inch depth, 64°F; RH, 38%; amount of thatch, 0.0625-0.125 inches; soil type, soil-loam; soil particle size analysis: 27.0% sand, 51.8% silt, 21.2% clay; soil moisture (oven baked), 37.7%; organic matter, 8.9%; water pH, 6-7; soil pH, 6.3; and skies were clear. Immediately after treatment, each replicate was irrigated with 0.25 inches of water. Posttreatment counts were made 23 DAT (15 Jun). Annual bluegrass weevil control was evaluated by removing four 0.087 ft2 sod samples from each replicate, and the total number of annual bluegrass weevil life stages (larva, pupa, adult) were recorded and converted to a ft2 count. Sod samples were removed with a 4 inch cup cutter.

scholarly journals Preventive Management of Annual Bluegrass Weevil with Halofenozide, and Imidacloprid Formulations on a Golf Course Fairway, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 327-327
Author(s):  
P. R. Heller ◽  
R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Annual Bluegrass Weevil

Abstract The fairway consisted primarily of annual bluegrass (70%) and Kentucky bluegrass (30%). Applications were made before dogwood was in full bloom. Treatment plots were 6 X 6 ft, arranged in a RCB design and replicated 4 times. Liquid formulations were applied with a CO2 compressed-air sprayer with four 8002VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on a 6-ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and applied in 272 ml of water/36 ft2 or delivering 2 gal water/1,000 ft2. Granular formulations were applied with a hand-held shaker with top-dressing sand used to provide even distribution of product. At treatment time (15 Apr), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 50°F; soil temperature at 1-inch depth, 57°F; soil temperature at 2-inch depth, 46°F; RH, 70%; amount of thatch, 0.25-0.375 inch; soil textural class, silt loam; soil particle size analysis: 18.1% sand, 78.3% silt, 3.6% clay; soil percent water content (percent by weight), 32.7%; organic matter, 10.7%; water pH, 7; soil pH, 5.9; application time, late morning; and partly cloudy skies. The experimental area was irrigated with 0.1 inch of water immediately after treatment. A total of 10.14 inches of rain was recorded from 25 Apr through 25 Jun, and 2.0 plus inches of snow was recorded from 18 Apr through 25 Apr. Post-treatment counts were made on on 25 Jun. Annual bluegrass weevil control was evaluated by removing two 4-inch cup cutter sod samples from each replicate and recording the total number of annual bluegrass weevil life stages (larva, pupa, adult) per sample. Totals were then converted to a ft2 count.

scholarly journals Fall Control of Japanese Beetle Grubs with Conventional and Experimental Formulations on Turfgrass in Wayne Pa, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 312-312
Author(s):  
P. R. Heller ◽  
R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Japanese Beetle ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract The turfgrass area consisted primarily of annual bluegrass (50%) and creeping bentgrass (50%). Treatment plots were 9 × 6 ft, arranged in a RCB design and replicated 3 times. Granular formulations were applied with a hand-held shaker and mixed with a fine grade top-dressing sand to facilitate product distribution. Liquid formulations were applied with a CO2 compressed air sprayer with 4 8004VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on a 6 ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and delivering 5 gal/1000 ft2. At treatment time (23 Aug) the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 66°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 70°F; soil temperature at 2 inch, 69°F; RH, 85%; amount of thatch, 0.125 inches; soil type, loam; soil particle size analysis: 37.0% sand, 45.0% silt, 18.0% clay; organic matter, 5.0%; soil moisture (oven baked), 31.6; water pH, 7.0; soil pH, 5.1; and overcast skies. Immediately after treatment the experimental area was irrigated with 0.5 inches of water. Posttreatment counts were made 49 DAT (11 Oct). Japanese beetle grub control was evaluated by removing four 0.087 ft2 sod samples from each replicate, and the total number of grubs were recorded and converted to a ft2 count. Sod samples were removed with a 4 inch diam cup cutter.

scholarly journals Management of Annual Bluegrass Weevil on a Golf Course Fairway with Chlorpyrifos, Imidaclo-Prid, Cyfluthrin, Cyfluthrin in Combination with Imidacloprid, and Experimental Formulations 1996

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 363-363
Author(s):  
P.R. Heller ◽  
R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Flowering Dogwood ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Annual Bluegrass Weevil

Abstract The fairway consisted primarily of annual bluegrass (70%) and Kentucky bluegrass (30%) in Bedford County, PA. Applications were made when flowering dogwood was in full bloom. Treatment plots were 6 X 6 ft, arranged in a RCB design and replicated 4 times. Liquid formulations were applied with a CO2 compressed air sprayer with four 8004VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on a 6 ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and applied in 272 ml of water/36 ft2 or delivering 2 gal water/1,000 ft2. At the treatment time (14 May), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: application time, mid-afternoon; air temperature, 57°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 64°F; soil temperature at 2-inch depth, 60°F; RH, 35%; amount of thatch, 0.25-0.50 inch; soil textural class, loam; soil particle size analysis: 27.4% sand, 46.9% silt, 25.8% clay; soil moisture (oven dry weight), 46.6%; organic matter, 6.8%; water pH, 7; soil pH, 5.9; and clear skies. The experimental area was irrigated with 0.1 inch of water 24 hr after treatment. Post-treatment counts were made on 14 Jun. Annual bluegrass weevil control was evaluated by removing three 4-inch cup cutter sod samples from each replicate and recording the total number of annual bluegrass weevil life stages (larva, pupa, adult) per sample. Totals were then converted to a ft2 count.

scholarly journals Management of Scarab White Grubs with Single and Split Applications of Bifenthrin 0.3% ME, Oftanol 21, Dursban Pro, and Dylox 6.2G on a Low Maintenance Turfgrass Area, 1996

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 382-383
Author(s):  
P.R. Heller ◽  
R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Application Time ◽  
White Grubs ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract The turfgrass area consisted primar ily of fine fescue (80%) and weeds (20%) in Lewistown, PA. Treatment plots were 8 X 6 ft, arranged in a RCB design and replicated 3 times. Granulai formulations were applied with a hand-held shaker, and top dressing sand was added to facilitate product distribution. Liquid formulations were applied with a CO2 compressed air sprayer with 4 8002VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on a 6 ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and applied in 726 ml of water/48 ft2 oi delivering 4 gal/1000 ft2. At the 1st treatment time (5 Sep), the following soil and environmental conditions existed; air temperature, 81°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 78°F; soil temperature at 2 inch, 72°F; RH, 79%; amount of thatch, 0.0625 inch; soil textural class, silt loam; soil particle size analysis; % sand, 14.6; % silt, 59.5; % clay, 25.9; organic matter, 3.3%; 28.8% soil moisture (oven dry weight); water pH, 7.0; soil pH, 6.0; application time, mid-morning; and skies overcast. Immediately after treatment the experimental area was irrigated with 0.18 inch followed by 0.20 inch of rainfall. At the 2nd treatment time (19 Sep), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 67°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 64°F; soil temperature at 2 inch, 64°F; RH, 62%; amount of thatch, 0.0625 inch; soil textural class, silt loam; soil particle size analysis: % sand, 14.6; % silt, 59.5: % clay, 25.9; organic matter, 3.3%; 34.5% soil moisture (oven dry weight); water pH, 7.0; soil pH, 5.8; application time, mid-morning; and clear skies Immediately after treatment the experimental area was irrigated in with 5 gal of water/48 ft2 with a hand-held sprinkling can. Post-treatment counts were made on 4 Oct. Three ft2 sod samples were randomly taken from each replicate, and the total number of scarab white grubs/ft2 was recorded.

scholarly journals Midsummer Management of Japanese Beetle Grubs with Merit 75WSP on a Golf Course Fairway in Lewistown, Pa, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-281
Author(s):  
P. R. Heller ◽  
R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Japanese Beetle ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract The fairway consisted primarily of annual bluegrass (40%), Kentucky bluegrass (40%), and perennial ryegrass (20%). Treatment plots were 9 × 6 ft, arranged in a RCB design, replicated 3 times. Liquid formulations were applied with a CO2 compressed air sprayer with 4 8004VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on a 6 ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and delivering 5 gal/1000 ft2. At treatment time (26 Jul) the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 72°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 76CF; soil temperature at 2 inch, 74°F; RH, 85%; amount of thatch, 0.25-0.50 inches; soil type, loam; soil particle size analysis: 31.1% sand, 46.4% silt, 22.5% clay; organic matter, 6.7%; soil moisture (oven baked) 23.1%; water pH, 6-7; soil pH, 4.4; and partly cloudy skies. Immediately after treatment the experimental area was irrigated with 0.25 inches of water. Posttreatment counts were made 42 DAT (6 Sep). Three ft2 sod samples were randomly taken from each replicate, and the total number of Japanese beetle grubs ft2 was recorded.

scholarly journals Annual Bluegrass Weevil Management on a Golf Course Fairway with Chlorpyrifos and Bifenthrin Formulations, 1996

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 363-363
Author(s):  
P.R. Heller ◽  
R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Flowering Dogwood ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Annual Bluegrass Weevil

Abstract The fairway consisted primarily of annual bluegrass (70%) and Kentucky bluegrass (30%) in Bedford County, PA. Applications were made when flowering dogwood was in full bloom. Treatment plots were 6 X 6 ft, arranged in a RCB design and replicated 4 times. Liquid formulations were applied with a CO2 compressed air sprayer with four 8004VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on a 6 ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and applied in 272 ml of water/36 ft2 or delivering 2 gal water/1,000 ft2. At the treatment time (14 May), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 57°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 64°F; soil temperature at 2 inch depth, 60°F; RH, 35%; amount of thatch, 0.25-0.50 inch; soil textural class, loam; soil particle size analysis: 27.4% sand, 46.9% silt, 25.8% clay; soil moisture (oven dry weight), 46.6%; organic matter, 6.8%; water pH, 7; soil pH, 5.9; application time, mid-afternoon; and clear skies. The experimental area was irrigated with 0.1 inch 24 hr after treatment. Post-treatment counts were made on 20 Jun. Annual bluegrass weevil control was evaluated by removing three 4-inch cup cutter sod samples from each replicate and recording I the total number of annual bluegrass weevil life stages (larva, pupa, adult) per sample. Totals were then converted to a ft2 count.

scholarly journals Summer Management of Hairy Chinch Bug with Formulations of Chlorpyrifos on Established Fescue Turfgrass in Somerset, Pennsylvania, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 357-357
Author(s):  
P. R. Heller ◽  
R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Steel Cylinder ◽  
Chinch Bug ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract The turfgrass area consisted primarily of fine leafed fescue. Treatment plots were 5 X 6 ft arranged in a randomized complete block design, replicated 3 times. Liquid formulations were applied by using a a CO2 compressed air sprayer with 4 8004VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on a 6 ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and applied in 340 ml of water/30 ft2 or delivering 2 gal (1000 ft2). At treatment time (2 Aug) the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 79° F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 90° F; soil temperature at 2 inch depth, 82° F; RH, 70%; amount of thatch, 0.75-1.5 inches; soil textural class, loam; soil particle size analysis: 33.5% sand, 48.3% silt, 18.2% clay; soil moisture (oven dry weight), 9.5%; organic matter, 6.5%; water pH, 7.0; soil pH, 5.9; application time, late afternoon; and overcast skies. Immediately after treatment the experimental area was irrigated with 0.1 inch of water. Hairy chinch bugs were sampled by driving a 6 inch-diam stainless steel cylinder into the turf, filling it with water, and counting the number of chinch bug nymphs and adults floating to the surface during a 10 min period (sampling dates: 8, 17, 30 Aug). Three flotation samples were taken randomly from each replicate, and the total number of chinch bugs from each sample was recorded and converted to a ft2 count.

scholarly journals Management of Japanese Beetle Grubs with Formulations of Dylox, Oftanol, and Turcam on a Golf Fairway in Centre County, Pa, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 282-282
Author(s):  
P. R. Heller ◽  
R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Japanese Beetle ◽  
Natural Rainfall ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract The turfgrass area consisted primarily of annual bluegrass (20%), Kentucky bluegrass (40%), and perennial ryegrass (40%). Treatment plots were 9 × 6 ft, arranged in a RCB design, replicated 3 times. Liquid formulations were applied with a CO, compressed air sprayer with 4 8004VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on a 6 ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and delivering 5 gal/1000 ft2. Granular formulations were applied with a hand-held shaker and mixed with a fine grade top-dressing sand to facilitate product distribution. At treatment time (25 Aug) the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 81°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 74°F; soil temperature at 2 inch, 72°F; RH, 76%; amount of thatch, 0.125-0.25 inches; soil type, loam; soil particle size analysis: 43.6% sand, 36.4% silt, 20.0% clay; organic matter, 7.6%; soil moisture (oven baked), 31.3%; water pH, 6-7; soil pH, 6.6; and clear skies. Immediately after treatment the experimental area was irrigated with 0.2 inches of water. Three hours prior to treatment the area received 0.3 inches of natural rainfall. Posttreatment counts were completed on 28 Sep. Three ft2 sod samples were taken from each replicate, and the total number of viable Japanese beetle grubs/ft2 was recorded.

scholarly journals Spring Management of Bluegrass Billbug with Merit 75Wsp and Vector Tl at the Valentine Turfgrass Research Center, University Park, Pa, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-292
Author(s):  
P. R. Heller ◽  
R. Walker ◽  
C. Silcox
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract The field plot consisted primarily of Kentucky bluegrass. Treatment plots were 6 × 9 ft, arranged in a RCB design, replicated 4 times. Two ft untreated barriers were placed between each treatment replicate. Liquid formulations were applied by using a CO2 compressed air sprayer with 4 8004VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on a 6 ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and delivering 5 gal/1000 ft2. At treatment time (31 May), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 78°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 76°F; soil temperature at 2 inch depth, 66°F; RH, 80%; amount of thatch, 0.25-0.5 inches; soil type, silt-clay-loam; soil particle size analysis: 16.0% sand, 54.2% silt, 29.8% clay; organic matter, 5.0%; soil moisture (oven baked), 14.7%; water pH, 6-7; soil pH, 6.9; and skies were clear. Immediately after treatment the experimental area was irrigated with 0.25 inches of water. Posttreatment counts were made 30 DAT (30 Jun). Bluegrass billbug control was evaluated by removing four 0.087 ft2 sod samples from each replicate, and the total number of bluegrass billbug life stages (larva, pupa, adult) were recorded from each sample and converted to a ft2 count. Sod samples were removed with a 4-inch cup cutter. Billbug feeding damage rating was recorded on 12 Jul. Each 54 ft2 replicate was rated by determining larval feeding damage based on color ratings.\

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