scholarly journals Genetic and environmental integration of the hawkmoth pollination syndrome in Ruellia humilis (Acanthaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 119 (7) ◽  
pp. 1143-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Heywood ◽  
Joseph S. Michalski ◽  
Braden K. McCann ◽  
Amber D. Russo ◽  
Kara J. Andres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollination Syndrome ◽  
Hawkmoth Pollination ◽  
Ruellia Humilis

scholarly journals Rational Design of a Novel Hawkmoth Pollinator Interaction in Mimulus Section Erythranthe

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey J. R. P. Byers ◽  
H. D. Bradshaw
Keyword(s):  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Pollination Syndrome ◽  
Visit Time ◽  
Pollinator Preference ◽  
Hawkmoth Pollination ◽  
Flowering Plant Species ◽  
Total Visit

Diversification of the ca. 275,000 extant flowering plant species has been driven in large part by coevolution with animal pollinators. A recurring pattern of pollinator shifts from hummingbird to hawkmoth pollination has characterized plant speciation in many western North American plant taxa, but in the genus Mimulus (monkeyflowers) section Erythranthe the evolution of hawkmoth pollination from hummingbird-pollinated ancestors has not occurred. We manipulated two flower color loci and tested the attractiveness of the resulting four color phenotypes (red, yellow, pink, and white) to naïve hawkmoths (Manduca sexta). Hawkmoths strongly prefer derived colors (yellow, pink, white) over the ancestral red when choosing an initial flower to visit, and generally preferred derived colors when total visits and total visit time were considered, with no hawkmoth preferring ancestral red over derived colors. The simple flower color genetics underlying this innate pollinator preference suggests a potential path for speciation into an unfilled hawkmoth-pollinated niche in Mimulus section Erythranthe, and the deliberate design of a hawkmoth-pollinated flower demonstrates a new, predictive method for studying pollination syndrome evolution.

scholarly journals Rational design of a novel pollinator interaction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey J.R.P. Byers ◽  
H.D. Bradshaw
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
North American ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Single Locus ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Pollination Syndrome ◽  
Pollinator Preference ◽  
Hawkmoth Pollination ◽  
Flowering Plant Species

AbstractDiversification of the ca. 250,000 extant flowering plant species has been driven in large part by coevolution with animal pollinators. A recurring pattern of pollinator shifts from hummingbird to hawkmoth pollination has characterized plant speciation in many western North American plant taxa, but in the genus Mimulus (monkeyflowers) section Erythranthe the evolution of hawkmoth pollination from hummingbird-pollinated ancestors has not occurred. We manipulated two flower color loci and tested the attractiveness of the resulting four color phenotypes (red, yellow, pink, white) to naïve hawkmoths. Hawkmoths strongly prefer derived colors (yellow, pink, white) over the ancestral red, and prefer the two-locus change (white) to either of the single-locus changes (yellow, pink). The simple flower color genetics underlying this innate pollinator preference suggests a potential path for speciation into an unfilled hawkmoth-pollinated niche, and the deliberate design of a hawkmoth-pollinated flower demonstrates a new, predictive method for studying pollination syndrome evolution.

Why does the flower of Lonicera japonica open at dusk?

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 1806-1811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Miyake ◽  
Tetsukazu Yahara
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lonicera Japonica ◽  
Pollination Syndrome ◽  
Pollen Transfer ◽  
Pollination Syndromes ◽  
Pollen Removal ◽  
Hawkmoth Pollination ◽  
Effective Pollinators ◽  
Pollen Consumption

We investigated contributions of diurnal pollinators and a nocturnal pollinator to pollen transfer in Lonicera japonica (Caprifoliaceae), whose flowers have traits typical of the hawkmoth-pollination syndrome. Diurnal bees, Tetralonia nipponensis and Lasioglossum sp., delivered more pollen grains than the nocturnal hawkmoth Theretra japonica per visit, suggesting that these bees were also effective pollinators. However, these bees removed over 10 times more pollen at one visit than the hawkmoth. Because of the higher pollen consumption by these bees, anthesis at dusk is considered to be optimal for Lonicera japonica to maximize overall pollen transfer under the visitation of both nocturnal and diurnal pollinators. Tetralonia japonica dispersed color dye farther than the other pollinators, which suggests that the nocturnal pollinator contributes more to cross-pollination than the diurnal pollinators.Key words: Lonicera japonica, hawkmoth-pollinated flowers, pollinator efficiency, pollen removal, pollination syndromes, timing of anthesis.

Bird pollination syndrome is the plant's adaptation to ornithophily, but nectarivorous birds are not so selective

Oikos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kryštof Chmel ◽  
Francis Luma Ewome ◽  
Guillermo Uceda Gómez ◽  
Yannick Klomberg ◽  
Jan E. J. Mertens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollination Syndrome ◽  
Bird Pollination

Buzz pollination in the Epacridaceae

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. F. Houston ◽  
P. G. Ladd
Keyword(s):  
Seed Set ◽  
Corolla Tube ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Pollination Syndrome ◽  
Native Bees ◽  
Buzz Pollination ◽  
The Family

Conostephium (Epacridaceae) has flowers that conform with a buzz-pollination syndrome but, unlike most plants with this form of pollination, the anthers are hidden within the corolla tube. Vibrations generated by bees grasping the apices of the corolla tubes must be transferred via short broad filaments to the anthers. The anthers do not have pores but each dehisces from the apex by a slit that elongates over the time the flowers take to senesce (up to 10 days). This may limit self-fertilisation as the stigma is receptive as soon as it appears from between the very short corolla lobes, so little pollen is released at first but later this would increase as the slit elongates. Visitation by pollinators has rarely been seen but several observations of native bees (Leioproctus and Lasioglossum) working the flowers are presented. The bees visit the nectarless flowers of Conostephium only for pollen and must forage at other kinds of flowers to obtain nectar. Pollen tubes occurred in the stigmas of most older flowers of C. pendulum, so pollen delivery does not seem to limit seed set. Despite this, the species sets few fruit. From examination of the taxonomic positions of likely buzz-pollinated taxa in the family, it appears that pollination by sonication has arisen independently several times in the Epacridaceae, with primarily two different floral configurations.

Changes in plant life-form, pollination syndrome and breeding system at a regional scale promoted by land use intensity

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1319-1328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietmar Moser ◽  
Stefan Dullinger ◽  
Thomas Mang ◽  
Karl Hülber ◽  
Franz Essl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Breeding System ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Pollination Syndrome ◽  
Land Use Intensity ◽  
Plant Life ◽  
Plant Life Form

Growth of Ruellia humilis Plants from Embryos of Chilled, GA3-Treated, and Laboratory-Stored Seeds

1975 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry M. Baskin ◽  
Carol C. Baskin
Keyword(s):  
Ruellia Humilis

scholarly journals Evolution of pollination syndromes and corolla symmetry in Balsaminaceae reconstructed using phylogenetic comparative analyses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saroj Ruchisansakun ◽  
Arne Mertens ◽  
Steven B Janssens ◽  
Erik F Smets ◽  
Timotheüs van der Niet
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Plastid Dna ◽  
Pollination Syndrome ◽  
Pollination Syndromes ◽  
Bee Pollination ◽  
Floral Symmetry ◽  
Considerable Uncertainty ◽  
Pollination Systems

Abstract Background and Aims Floral diversity as a result of plant–pollinator interactions can evolve by two distinct processes: shifts between pollination systems or divergent use of the same pollinator. Although both are pollinator driven, the mode, relative importance and interdependence of these different processes are rarely studied simultaneously. Here we apply a phylogenetic approach using the Balsaminaceae (including the species-rich genus Impatiens) to simultaneously quantify shifts in pollination syndromes (as inferred from the shape and colour of the perianth), as well as divergent use of the same pollinator (inferred from corolla symmetry). Methods For 282 species we coded pollination syndromes based on associations between floral traits and known pollination systems, and assessed corolla symmetry. The evolution of these traits was reconstructed using parsimony- and model-based approaches, using phylogenetic trees derived from phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal and plastid DNA sequence data. Key Results A total of 71 % of studied species have a bee pollination syndrome, 22 % a bimodal syndrome (Lepidoptera and bees), 3 % a bird pollination syndrome and 5 % a syndrome of autogamy, while 19 % of species have an asymmetrical corolla. Although floral symmetry and pollination syndromes are both evolutionarily labile, the latter shifts more frequently. Shifts in floral symmetry occurred mainly in the direction towards asymmetry, but there was considerable uncertainty in the pattern of shift direction for pollination syndrome. Shifts towards asymmetrical flowers were associated with a bee pollination syndrome. Conclusion Floral evolution in Impatiens has occurred through both pollination syndrome shifts and divergent use of the same pollinator. Although the former appears more frequent, the latter is likely to be underestimated. Shifts in floral symmetry and pollination syndromes depend on each other but also partly on the region in which these shifts take place, suggesting that the occurrence of pollinator-driven evolution may be determined by the availability of pollinator species at large geographical scales.

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