Strategies for advancement of short-term mutagenicity tests: on the optimal ionic strength for the liver microsomal assay

1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1403-1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Paolini ◽  
R. Mesirca ◽  
L. Pozzetti ◽  
P. Silingardi ◽  
S. Grilli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mutagenicity Tests

Attachment of the flagellate Giardia lamblia: role of reducing agents, serum, temperature, and ionic composition

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-377
Author(s):  
F D Gillin ◽  
D S Reiner
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Oxygen Tension ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Reduced Temperature

The flagellated protozoan Giardia lamblia has been grown only in highly complex media under reduced oxygen tension. Therefore, the organic and physiological requirements for in vitro attachment and short-term (12-h) survival of this organism were determined. In defined maintenance media, a thiol reducing agent (e.g., cysteine) was absolutely required for attachment and survival of this aerotolerant anaerobe. The crude bovine serum Cohn III fraction greatly stimulated attachment and survival. Attachment was decreased at a reduced temperature (24 degrees C as compared with 35.5 degrees C) and absent at 12 degrees C or below. Attachment and survival were strongly dependent upon pH and ionic strength, with optima at pH 6.85 to 7.0 and 200 to 300 mosmol/kg. Sodium chloride was better tolerated than KC1. Reduction of Ca2+ and Mg2+ to below 10(-8) M did not significantly affect attachment.

Leaching of Used Candu™ Fuel in the Presence of Clay, Titanium and Granite Rock

1988 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Tait ◽  
Simcha Stroes-Gascoyne ◽  
Robert J. Porth ◽  
Don Wood ◽  
Robert B. Heimann
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
High Ionic Strength ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Granite Rock ◽  
Initial Release ◽  
Radionuclide Release ◽  
Clay Type

ABSTRACTDissolution experiments have been performed at 95 or 100°C on used fuel in the presence of various components of a disposal system: granite rock, clay (Na-montmorillonite, illite), container (titanium), and two groundwaters with different ionic strengths (0.0015, 0.28). The results showed that Cs and Sr release to solution is highest in the high-ionic-strength groundwater and that clay type is less important in determining short-term release from the fuel. It also appears that after an initial release period lasting about 10 to 20 days, radionuclide release from the fuel to solution slows considerably. Cs was found to sorb more effectively than Sr on illite and montmoril-lonite, while Sr sorbed more effectively than Cs on the granite.

Effect of Thermal Treatment, Ionic Strength, and pH on the Short-Term and Long-Term Coalescence Stability of β-Lactoglobulin Emulsions

Langmuir ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 6042-6052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavka Tcholakova ◽  
Nikolai D. Denkov ◽  
Doroteya Sidzhakova ◽  
Bruce Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin
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