MAINTENANCE OF GENETIC VARIATION WITH A FREQUENCY-DEPENDENT SELECTION MODEL AS COMPARED TO THE OVERDOMINANT MODEL

ABSTRACT A frequency-dependent selection model proposed by Huang, Singh and Kojima (1971) was found to be more effective at maintaining genetic variation in a finite population than the overdominant model. The fourth moment parameter of the distribution of unfixed states showed that there was a more platykurtic distribution for the frequency-dependent model. This agreed well with the expected gene frequency change found for an infinite population.

Download Full-text

Genetic Variation and the Generalized Frequency-Dependent Model

The American Naturalist ◽

10.1086/282880 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 107 (958) ◽

pp. 800-802 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Philip W. Hedrick

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Frequency Dependent ◽

Dependent Model ◽

Frequency Dependent Model

Download Full-text

Coevolution does not slow the rate of loss of heterozygosity in a stochastic host-parasite model with constant population size

10.1101/2020.04.07.024661 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ailene MacPherson ◽

Matthew J. Keeling ◽

Sarah P. Otto

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Natural Selection ◽

Population Size ◽

Finite Population ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Stochastic Perturbations ◽

Frequency Dependent Selection ◽

Infinite Population ◽

Negative Frequency Dependent Selection ◽

Host Parasite

AbstractCoevolutionary negative frequency dependent selection has been hypothesized to maintain genetic variation in host and parasites. Despite the extensive literature pertaining to host-parasite coevolution, the effect of matching-alleles (MAM) coevolution on the maintenance of genetic variation has not been explicitly modelled in a finite population. The dynamics of the MAM in an infinite population, in fact, suggests that genetic variation in these coevolving populations behaves neutrally. We find that while this is largely true in finite populations two additional phenomena arise. The first of these effects is that of coevolutionary natural selection on stochastic perturbations in host and pathogen allele frequencies. While this may increase or decrease genetic variation, depending on the parameter conditions, the net effect is small relative to that of the second phenomena. Following fixation in the pathogen, the MAM becomes one of directional selection, which in turn rapidly erodes genetic variation in the host. Hence, rather than maintain it, we find that, on average, matching-alleles coevolution depletes genetic variation.

Download Full-text

GENETIC VARIATION IN A HETEROGENEOUS ENVIRONMENT. I. TEMPORAL HETEROGENEITY AND THE ABSOLUTE DOMINANCE MODEL

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/78.2.757 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 78 (2) ◽

pp. 757-770

Author(s):

Philip W Hedrick

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Temporal Variation ◽

Gene Frequency ◽

Environmental Heterogeneity ◽

Finite Population ◽

Environmental Variation ◽

Dominance Model ◽

Infinite Population ◽

The Absolute ◽

Absolute Dominance

ABSTRACT The conditions for a stable polymorphism and the equilibrium gene frequency in an infinite population are compared when there is spatial or temporal environmental heterogeneity for the absolute dominance model. For temporal variation the conditions for stability are more restrictive and the equilibrium gene frequency is often at a low gene frequency. In a finite population, temporal environmental heterogeneity for the absolute dominance model was found to be quite ineffective in maintaining genetic variation and is often less effective than no selection at all. For comparison, the maximum maintenance for temporal variation is related to the overdominant model. In general, cyclic environmental variation was found to be more effective at maintaining genetic variation than where the environment varies stochastically. The importance of temporal environmental variation and the maintenance of genetic variation is discussed.

Download Full-text

Frequency-Dependent Model for Transient Stability Analysis

IEEE Transactions on Power Systems ◽

10.1109/tpwrs.2018.2871639 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 806-809 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Federico Milano ◽

Alvaro Ortega Manjavacas

Keyword(s):

Stability Analysis ◽

Transient Stability ◽

Frequency Dependent ◽

Dependent Model ◽

Frequency Dependent Model ◽

Transient Stability Analysis

Download Full-text

Negative frequency dependent selection contributes to the maintenance of a global polymorphism in mitochondrial DNA

BMC Evolutionary Biology ◽

10.1186/s12862-020-1581-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Zorana Kurbalija Novičić ◽

Ahmed Sayadi ◽

Mihailo Jelić ◽

Göran Arnqvist

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Life History ◽

Balancing Selection ◽

Food Resource ◽

Ecological Processes ◽

Central Process ◽

Frequency Dependent ◽

Frequency Dependent Selection ◽

Negative Frequency Dependent Selection

Abstract Background Understanding the forces that maintain diversity across a range of scales is at the very heart of biology. Frequency-dependent processes are generally recognized as the most central process for the maintenance of ecological diversity. The same is, however, not generally true for genetic diversity. Negative frequency dependent selection, where rare genotypes have an advantage, is often regarded as a relatively weak force in maintaining genetic variation in life history traits because recombination disassociates alleles across many genes. Yet, many regions of the genome show low rates of recombination and genetic variation in such regions (i.e., supergenes) may in theory be upheld by frequency dependent selection. Results We studied what is essentially a ubiquitous life history supergene (i.e., mitochondrial DNA) in the fruit fly Drosophila subobscura, showing sympatric polymorphism with two main mtDNA genotypes co-occurring in populations world-wide. Using an experimental evolution approach involving manipulations of genotype starting frequencies, we show that negative frequency dependent selection indeed acts to maintain genetic variation in this region. Moreover, the strength of selection was affected by food resource conditions. Conclusions Our work provides novel experimental support for the view that balancing selection through negative frequency dependency acts to maintain genetic variation in life history genes. We suggest that the emergence of negative frequency dependent selection on mtDNA is symptomatic of the fundamental link between ecological processes related to resource use and the maintenance of genetic variation.

Download Full-text