scholarly journals Employment of Peak Area as Instrumental Datum for Improving the Voltammetric Quantitative Analysis of Heavy Metals in Fresh and Sea Water in the Presence of Surfactants

2002 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clinio Locatelli
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Standard Reference Materials ◽  
Po River ◽  
Relative Standard

Abstract Peak area instead of peak height is used for the simultaneous determination of Cu(II), Pb(II), Cd(II), and Zn(II) in fresh and sea water in the presence of anionic and cationic surfactants by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. These species, if present, tend to make more irreversible the electrodic process of the metals. Because the employment of peak area for species having irreversible electrodic processes permits limits of detection about one or 2 orders of magnitude lower, this work shows the possibility of determining heavy metals at ultratrace level concentrations in the presence of surfactants, compounds which are always present in natural waters. The precision and accuracy of the analytical method were checked by the analysis of the standard reference materials (SRM) Fresh Water NIST-SRM 1643d, Sea Water BCR-CRM 403, and Estuarine Water BCR-CRM 505. The former, expressed as relative standard deviation (sr), and the latter, expressed as relative error (e), were satisfactory, being in all cases lower than 5%. The analytical procedure has been applied to fresh and sea water sampled in the Po river mouth area (Italy).

Determination of Background Levels of Lead and Cadmium in Raw Agricultural Crops by Using Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry

1982 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 987-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Duane Satzger ◽  
Charles S Clow ◽  
Evelyn Bonnin ◽  
Fred L Fricke
Keyword(s):  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Standard Reference Materials ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Anodic Stripping ◽  
Quantifiable Level

Abstract A method is described for the simultaneous determination of ultratrace levels of lead and cadmium in selected agricultural crop samples by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. Samples are dry ashed at high temperature with H2SO4 as an ashing aid. Techniques are described to control the lead and cadmium blank levels of 2 ng and 0.4 ng, respectively. Typical relative standard deviations for the crop analyses are 13% at 100 ng/g and 25% at 10 ng/g for lead, and 5% at 100 ng/g and 10% at 10 ng/g for cadmium. The lowest quantifiable level, based on 3 g dry sample, is 2 ng/g for lead and 1 ng/g for cadmium. Recovery studies, precision studies, and analyses of NBS Standard Reference Materials demonstrate the accuracy and reproducibility of this technique. A summary of results for over 1700 crop samples is reported.

scholarly journals DIFFERENTIAL PULSE ANODIC STRIPPING VOLTAMMETRY FOR DETERMINATION OF SOME HEAVY METALS IN URANIUM

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-246
Author(s):  
Saryati Saryati
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Carbonate Buffer ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Anodic Stripping

The direct determination of some metals impurity in uranium by using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) method at a hanging mercury drop electrode and in a carbonate buffer media was developed. It was found that the carbonate buffer show the strongest affinity for uranium and gives the best separation between the DPASV peaks of heavy metals impurities. The carbonate concentration markedly affects the oxidation and reduction the major and the minor constituents of the uranium samples. In 0.1 M carbonate buffer solution pH 10, copper, bismuth, thalium, lead, cadmium, zinc, could be determined without the removal of the uranium matrix. Recovery and relative standard deviation (RSD) of this method was in the range of 174% - 85.2% for recovery and 36.8% - 1.2% for RSD. The larger error of analytical result was obtained for Zn at low concentration. In general, the analytic results error and RSD decreased with increasing metals concentration.   Keywords: heavy metal determination, differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry, uranium

scholarly journals The use of differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry and diffusive gradient in thin films for heavy metals speciation in soil solution

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Dytrtová ◽  
Ivana Šestáková ◽  
Michal Jakl ◽  
Jiřina Száková ◽  
Daniela Miholová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Solution ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Anodic Stripping

AbstractIn the soil solutions obtained in situ with suction cups from soils (Cambisol and Fluvisol) of pot experiment with Salix smithiana Smith, Lolium perenne L. and Thlaspi caerulescens J. & C. Presl heavy metals species (Cd, Pb and Cu) were assayed by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry and diffusive gradient in thin films. Prediction of accumulation performed best at free metal ion concentrations in unchanged pH (in 10−3 mol L−1 NaClO4 base electrolyte). The speciation provided by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry according to pH can provide a detailed description of the soil solution matrix. The concentration of free metals in unchanged pH represents a small part of the total content and varied from 0.04 to 0.75% with two exceptions found for accumulating plants (the content of Cd2+ in the soil solution from T. caerulescens was about 6% and the content of Cu2+ in the soil solution from S. smithiana was about 30%). The available concentration as determined by diffusive gradient in thin films was not in correlation with the heavy metals concentration in plant biomass.

Determination of the Apparent Complexing Capacity of Lake Waters

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1515-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. K. Chau ◽  
R. Gächter ◽  
K. Lum-Shue-Chan
Keyword(s):  
Water Sample ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Complexing Capacity ◽  
Ionic Copper ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Lake Waters

A sensitive and accurate method is described for the measurement of the apparent complexing capacity of lake waters. It is based on the measurement of labile copper by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry after a number of ionic copper spikes have been allowed to equilibrate with the complexing materials in a water sample. Coefficients of variation for the determination of EDTA at a level of 0.50 μmole/liter in Hamilton Harbor water were 6 and 8%. Analysis of seven replicates of a Hamilton Harbor water sample gave an apparent complexing capacity of 0.52 μmole/liter Cu equivalent with a relative standard deviation of 7.7%. Analyses of a number of samples from Lake Erie and from lakes near Sudbury, Ontario gave a range from nondetectable to 0.70 μmole/liter Cu equivalent of complexing capacity.

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