scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of High Vs Standard Daptomycin Doses Examined in Chinese Patients With Severe Burn Injuries by Pharmacokinetic Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 705-713
Author(s):  
Yingzi Huang ◽  
Guozhong Lv ◽  
Linlin Hu ◽  
Yunfu Wu ◽  
Nan Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Severe Burn ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Severe Burn Injuries ◽  
High Doses

Abstract Previous studies and the concentration-dependent antibacterial actions of daptomycin suggested that a high dose would be needed for difficult-to-treat infections in burn patients. Here, we evaluated the effects of administration of low and high doses of daptomycin in patients with severe burn injuries. The study retrospectively analyzed 10 patients with severe burn injuries, using pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) evaluations of daptomycin doses given to combat serious infections. Daptomycin was administered as a single dose or by multiple doses intravenously at a standard dose of 6 mg/kg/d or a high dose of 12 mg/kg/d for 7 to 14 days. The serum concentrations of daptomycin from patients were analyzed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Burn injury patients treated with high-dose daptomycin had a linear PK profile and a negative correlation between the AUC0–24 and Baux score (R2 = .953 and R2 = .801). The Cmax, AUC0–24, and t(h)½ increased significantly compared with patients given a standard dose. The efficacy of daptomycin against Staphylococcus aureus showed significantly higher rates of (AUC0–24)/MIC and Cmax/MIC after high-dose daptomycin compared with the standard dose, reflected in a significant correlation between a high dose and the Baux score (r = .976, P < .001). Positive S. aureus cultures from two of three high-dose and none of two daptomycin low-dose patients converted from positive to negative after therapy. No serious adverse events or discontinuation of the drug occurred during the treatment period. Daptomycin doses up to 12 mg/kg/d were well tolerated in Chinese patients with severe burn injuries, which were complicated by infections with S. aureus.

The rise of factor X level in blood plasma of patients at severe burn injuries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
George P Kozynets ◽  
Volodymyr P Tsyhankov ◽  
Daria S Korolova ◽  
Olga V Gornytska ◽  
Olexiy M Savchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein C ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Severe Burn ◽  
Clotting Factors ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
Severe Burn Injuries

Abstract This work is dedicated to the detection of imbalance between the pro- and anti-coagulant branches of hemostasis at severe burn injuries by evaluating the content or activity of individual clotting factors. To select the targets for accurate diagnostics we measured the concentrations of soluble fibrin monomeric complexes and fibrinogen, levels of total prothrombin, factor X, protein C and antithrombin III, and recorded the time of clotting in activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time tests. Factor X level was increased in 26 % of patients on the first day after the burn and it rose further in 62 % patients on the 14 th day of recovery. Increasing factor X level is assumed to be a risk factor of thrombotic complications. We propose to use it as a marker of predisposition to thrombosis at severe burn injury.

A ZnO–curcumin nanocomposite embedded hybrid collagen scaffold for effective scarless skin regeneration in acute burn injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (38) ◽  
pp. 5873-5886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheirmadurai Kalirajan ◽  
Thanikaivelan Palanisamy
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Collagen Scaffold ◽  
Skin Regeneration ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Severe Burn ◽  
Severe Burn Injuries

A nano-engineered hybrid collagen scaffold enables healing of severe burn injuries without the formation of scars by stimulating key bio-factors.

scholarly journals Hyperdry human amniotic membrane application as a wound dressing for a full-thickness skin excision after a third-degree burn injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiro Oba ◽  
Motonori Okabe ◽  
Toshiko Yoshida ◽  
Chika Soko ◽  
Moustafa Fathy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulation Tissue ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Severe Burn ◽  
Full Thickness Skin ◽  
Thickness Skin ◽  
Degree Burn ◽  
Skin Excision ◽  
Severe Burn Injuries

Abstract Background Severe burn injuries create large skin defects that render the host susceptible to bacterial infections. Burn wound infection often causes systemic sepsis and severe septicemia, resulting in an increase in the mortality of patients with severe burn injuries. Therefore, appropriate wound care is important to prevent infection and improve patient outcomes. However, it is difficult to heal a third-degree burn injury. The aim of this study was to investigate whether hyperdry human amniotic membrane (HD-AM) could promote early granulation tissue formation after full-thickness skin excision in third-degree burn injury sites in mice. Methods After the development of HD-AM and creation of a third-degree burn injury model, the HD-AM was either placed or not placed on the wound area in the HD-AM group or HD-AM group, respectively. The groups were prepared for evaluation on postoperative days 1, 4 and 7. Azan staining was used for granulation tissue evaluation, and estimation of CD163, transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD31, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and Iba1 expression was performed by immunohistochemical staining. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to investigate gene expression of growth factors, cell migration chemokines and angiogenic and inflammatory markers. Results The HD-AM group showed significant early and qualitatively good growth of granulation tissue on the full-thickness skin excision site. HD-AM promoted early-phase inflammatory cell infiltration, fibroblast migration and angiogenesis in the granulation tissue. Additionally, the early infiltration of cells of the immune system was observed. Conclusions HD-AM may be useful as a new wound dressing material for full-thickness skin excision sites after third-degree burn injuries, and may be a new therapeutic technique for improving the survival rate of patients with severe burn injuries.

Effects of Exercise Training on Fat Mass in Individuals with Severe Burn Injuries

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. S77
Author(s):  
O. E. Suman ◽  
R. P. Mlcak ◽  
S. J. Thomas ◽  
D. N. Herndon
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Severe Burn ◽  
Severe Burn Injuries

Endotoxemia and complement activation after severe burn injuries-effects on leukocytes, soluble selectins, and inflammatory cytokines

Inflammation ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Ljunghusen ◽  
J. Lundahl ◽  
H. Nettelblad ◽  
B. Nilsson ◽  
F. Sj�gren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Complement Activation ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Severe Burn ◽  
Severe Burn Injuries

scholarly journals Case report of Wolfe grafting for the management of bilateral cicatricial eyelid ectropion following severe burn injuries

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 58-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Jovanovic ◽  
Admira Dizdarevic ◽  
Nedzad Dizdarevic ◽  
Amir Haracic ◽  
Lamija Gafurovic
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Severe Burn ◽  
Severe Burn Injuries

scholarly journals Тhe use of corticosteroids in patients with severe burn injuries

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Burn Shock ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Severe Burn ◽  
Septic Complications ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Severe Burn Injuries ◽  
Burn Disease ◽  
Severe Burn Injury

Modern treatment of burns has led to a significant reduction in mortality in patients with burns whose injuries were fatal several years ago. However, along with improved survival, new problems arose in the treatment of burn patients. Systemic inflammatory response, capillary leak, sepsis top the list of the most common problems in both adults and children with severe thermal injury. Currently, new strategies are being developed and studied in the treatment of this category of patients. One of the ways to improve the results of treatment of patients with severe burn injury is to prescribe corticosteroids, both in the stage of burn shock and in the development of septic complications. Do corticosteroids reduce mortality and improve recovery in burn patients? The discussion about this has been going on for many years, but the opinion about their effectiveness remains controversial. An analysis of the literature shows that corticosteroids can play a significant role in the treatment of patients with severe burn injury and can be successfully used at any stage of a burn disease. The effect of reducing capillary leakage, increasing myocardial contractility, antiemetic, membrane-stabilizing effect of corticosteroids will be useful in the stage of burn shock. The anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory effect of corticosteroids will play a role in any stage of a burn disease. With the aim of preventing and treating sepsis, corticosteroids may be useful in the stage of toxemia, septicotoxemia. It is also necessary to remember about adrenal insufficiency, which develops in burn patients. The article analyzes the literature, substantiates the use of corticosteroids in patients with severe burn injury in different periods of a burn disease.

Expansion potential of skin grafts with novel I-shaped auxetic incisions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Gupta ◽  
Arnab Chanda
Keyword(s):  
Skin Grafting ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Skin Grafts ◽  
Severe Burn ◽  
Thickness Skin ◽  
Split Thickness Skin Grafting ◽  
Shape Pattern ◽  
Severe Burn Injuries ◽  
Poisson's Ratios ◽  
Poisson’S Ratios

Abstract Severe burn injures lead to millions of fatalities every year due to lack of skin replacements. While skin is a very limited and expensive entity, split thickness skin grafting, which involves the projection of a parallel incision pattern on a small section of healthy excised skin, is typically employed to increase the expansion and cover a larger burn site. To date, the real expansion capacity of such grafts are low (<3 times) and insufficient for treatment of severe burn injuries. In this study, novel I-shaped auxetic incision patterns, which are known to exhibit high negative Poisson’s ratios, have been tested on the skin to investigate their expansion potential. Fourteen two-layer skin graft models with varying incision pattern parameters (i.e., length, spacing, and orientation) were developed using finite element modelling and tested under uniaxial and biaxial tensile loads. The Poisson’s ratio, meshing ratios, and induced stresses were quantified across all models. Graft models tested uniaxially along the orthogonal directions indicated opposite trends in generated Poisson’s ratios, as the length of the I-shape incisions were increased. Biaxially, with a symmetric and closely spaced I-shape pattern, graft meshing ratios up to 15.65 were achieved without overstressing the skin. Overall, the findings from the study indicated that expansion potentials much higher than that of traditional skin grafts can be achieved with novel I-shaped auxetic skin grafts, which would be indispensable for covering large wounds in severe burn injuries.

Severe Burn Injuries Caused by Bioethanol-Design Fireplaces—An Overview on Recreational Fire Threats

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Kraemer ◽  
Karsten Knobloch ◽  
Johan Lorenzen ◽  
Karl H. Breuing ◽  
Soeren Koennecker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Severe Burn ◽  
Severe Burn Injuries

Severe Burn Injuries and Their Long-Term Implications

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva C Diaz ◽  
Celeste C Finnerty ◽  
David N Herndon
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Recombinant Human Growth Hormone ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Growth Delay ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Severe Burn Injuries

Burn injury is notable for the degree and duration of pathophysiological alterations that it induces. Burn triggers profound changes in metabolism, immune function, and endocrine function, leading to a host of negative effects, including catabolism of muscle and bone and insulin resistance. These changes may persist or evolve for years after the injury has occurred, delaying recovery. This chapter discusses all of these consequences of burn injury, along with other adverse outcomes, specifically growth delay in children and hypertrophic scarring. Particular attention is placed on what is known about the mechanisms underlying each of these pathological changes and, in some cases, current practice in their management. A description is also provided of some of the pharmacologic (i.e. oxandrolone and recombinant human growth hormone) and non-pharmacologic (i.e. exercise therapy) approaches that hold promise in the treatment of burn injury and its consequences.

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