Food Utilization, Ingestion, and Growth of Larvae of the Bollworm1 and Tobacco Budworm on Diets Containing Gossypol123

During the last decades, pastoralist, and agropastoralist populations of the world’s drylands have become exceedingly vulnerable to regional and global changes. Specifically, exacerbated stressors imposed on these populations have adversely affected their food security status, causing humanitarian emergencies and catastrophes. Of these stressors, climate variability and change, land-use and management practices, and dynamics of human demography are of a special importance. These factors affect all four pillars of food security, namely, food availability, access to food, food utilization, and food stability. The objective of this study was to critically review relevant literature to assess the complex web of interrelations and feedbacks that affect these factors. The increasing pressures on the world’s drylands necessitate a comprehensive analysis to advise policy makers regarding the complexity and linkages among factors, and to improve global action. The acquired insights may be the basis for alleviating food insecurity of vulnerable dryland populations.

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Toxicity and Synergism of Insecticides Against Susceptible and Pyrethroid-Resistant Neonate Larvae and Adults of the Tobacco Budworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1093/jee/82.6.1527 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 82 (6) ◽

pp. 1527-1533 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

C. Campanhola ◽

F. W. Plapp

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Budworm ◽

Neonate Larvae ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae

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Control of the Bollworm/Tobacco Budworm Complex with Selected Insecticides, 1995

Arthropod Management Tests ◽

10.1093/amt/21.1.260 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 260-261

Author(s):

S. Micinski ◽

R. G. Scarborough ◽

F. D. Forrester ◽

J. B. Graves

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Budworm

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Growth and food utilization of the Australian short-finned eel, Anguilla australis australis (Richardson) given paired iso-energetic diets with increasing crude protein content

Animal Science ◽

10.1079/asc200528 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 82 (2) ◽

pp. 169-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K. Engin ◽

C. G. Carter

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Crude Protein ◽

High Energy ◽

Whole Body ◽

Food Utilization ◽

Crude Protein Content ◽

Efficiency Ratio ◽

Body Protein ◽

Anguilla Australis ◽

Dietary Crude Protein

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of 100 g/kg increments of crude protein (approx. 250 (P25) to 550 (P55) g/kg of crude protein) in paired iso-energetic diets on the growth performance of the juvenile Australian short-finned eel (1·83 (s.e. 0·01) g average wet weight). The highest growth response was obtained with treatment P45 followed by P35, P55 and P25. It appeared that food efficiency ratio (FER) increased with increasing crude protein content in low energy diets (treatments P25 and P35). However, 100 g/kg increase in dietary crude protein content (from 450 to 550 kg crude protein per kg diet) in high energy diets resulted in lower FER for treatment P55 than for the treatment P45. The protein efficiency ratio (PER, %) was higher in low protein:low energy diets (treatments P25 and P35) than that of high protein:high energy diets (treatments P45 and P55). The protein productive values (PPV, %) for treatments followed a similar trend to PER in this experiment. The lowest PPV was obtained by the treatment P55 and it was significantly different from that of the other three treatments. A proportional increase in dietary crude protein content in paired iso-energetic diets did not significantly change the whole body protein content. However, a small increase in whole body protein content with increasing dietary crude protein in each group was detected. In conclusion, the present study showed protein sparing effects of lipids and carbohydrates in the diets of the short-finned eel. Further studies specifically investigating the effects of dietary carbohydrate to lipid ratios at different protein levels would improve diet formulation and reduce nutrient impact in intensive recirculation systems.

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