Spotting factor (Spf) from the Spotted-dilute System in Maize Is a Member of the En/Spm Controlling Element Family

SUMMARYPrevious studies have shown that different alleles of the mouse X chromosomal controlling element locus, Xce, cause non-random X-chromosome inactivation as judged by variegation in the coats of female mice heterozygous for X-linked coat colour/structure genes, or Cattanach's translocation (Is (X; 7) Ct), or the relative activity of biochemical variants of the X-linked enzyme PGK. This paper presents evidence using the Kanda differential staining method on 6½ d.p.c. and 13½ d.p.c. female mouse embryos heterozygous for the marker X chromosome Is (X; 7) Ct and carrying different Xce alleles, that the Xce locus affects the randomness of X chromosome inactivation. Furthermore the fact that a marked Xce effect is demonstrable in female embryos as early as 6½ d.p.c. (i.e. very soon after the initial time of X-inactivation) is strong evidence that the Xce locus exerts its effect by causing primary non-random X-inactivation rather than by cell selection after initial random X-inactivation.

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Description on the Use of the Autogenerative Nodal Memory Model (ANM) as Controlling Element of an Autonomously Responsive System

ICANN ’93 ◽

10.1007/978-1-4471-2063-6_18 ◽

1993 ◽

pp. 81-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Frank A. Monaco

Keyword(s):

Memory Model ◽

Controlling Element

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Biochemical Studies on the Sucrose Synthase Gene in Zea Mays L. and on Controlling Element Ds Inserted at this Locus

Basic Biology of New Developments in Biotechnology ◽

10.1007/978-1-4684-4460-5_11 ◽

1983 ◽

pp. 159-171

Author(s):

U. Courage-Tebbe ◽

H-P. Döring ◽

M. Geiser ◽

P. Starlinger ◽

E. Tillmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Sucrose Synthase ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Biochemical Studies ◽

Controlling Element

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Xce genotype has no impact on the effect of imprinting on X-chromosome expression in the mouse yolk sac endoderm

Genetics Research ◽

10.1017/s0016672300024496 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 43-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Theodor Bücher ◽

Ingrid M. Linke ◽

Manfred Dünnwald ◽

John D. West ◽

Bruce M. Cattanach

Keyword(s):

X Chromosome ◽

Phosphoglycerate Kinase ◽

Yolk Sac ◽

Chromosome Inactivation ◽

Preferential Expression ◽

Controlling Element

SummaryThe effect of the Xce (x-chromosome controlling element) genotype on the randomness of X-chromosome inactivation in the mouse was studied by monitoring the expression of the X-linked locus pgk-1. The main aim was to test whether the Xce genotype modified the preferential expression of the maternally derived X-chromosome in the yolk sac endoderm. Quantitative electrophoresis of phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK-1) was used to study Pgk-1 expression in the foetus, yolk sac mesoderm and yolk sac endoderm at 13½ days post coitum. The Xcea/Xcec genotype caused non-random X-chromosome expression in the foetus and yolk sac mesoderm. However, there was no evidence that the Xce genotype moderates the preferential expression of the maternally derived X-chromosome in the yolk sac endoderm, as reported by Rastan & Cattanach (1983).

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Amphiphilic polysaccharides. Evidence for a competition between intra and intermolecular associations in dilute system

Polymer ◽

10.1016/j.polymer.2003.10.054 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 44 (26) ◽

pp. 7917-7924 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

S Simon ◽

J.Y Dugast ◽

D Le Cerf ◽

L Picton ◽

G Muller

Keyword(s):

Dilute System

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Diffusion of Conserved Charges in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2019010031 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 31

Author(s):

Jan A. Fotakis ◽

Moritz Greif ◽

Gabriel S. Denicol ◽

Carsten Greiner

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Coefficients ◽

Coefficient Matrix ◽

Heavy Ion ◽

Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽

Navier Stokes ◽

Diffusion Matrix ◽

Conserved Charges ◽

Ion Collisions ◽

Hadron Gas ◽

Dilute System

We discuss the diffusion currents occurring in a dilute system and show that the charge currents do not only depend on gradients in the corresponding charge density, but also on the other conserved charges in the system—the diffusion currents are therefore coupled. Gradients in one charge thus generate dissipative currents in a different charge. In this approach, we model the Navier-Stokes term of the generated currents to consist of a diffusion coefficient matrix, in which the diagonal entries are the usual diffusion coefficients and the off-diagonal entries correspond to the coupling of different diffusion currents. We evaluate the complete diffusion matrix for a specific hadron gas and for a simplified quark-gluon gas, including baryon, electric and strangeness charge. Our findings are that the off-diagonal entries can range within the same magnitude as the diagonal ones.

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