scholarly journals Impact of the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine on Invasive Pneumococcal Disease After Introduction Into Routine Pediatric Use

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Baxter ◽  
Laurie Aukes ◽  
Stephen I Pelton ◽  
Arnold Yee ◽  
Nicola P Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Northern California ◽  
Surveillance Period ◽  
Kaiser Permanente ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background In 2010, the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) replaced 7-valent PCV (PCV7) for protection against invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). This study used laboratory surveillance data to examine the effect of PCV13 on IPD before and after PCV13 introduction among children aged 6 weeks to <6 years and those aged ≥6 weeks. Methods Observational laboratory-based IPD surveillance data were compared for the periods May 2010–April 2018 and May 2008–April 2010 (the PCV7 period) using a database of Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) members with laboratory-confirmed IPD. Results Among children aged 6 weeks to 6 years, overall IPD incidence decreased from 11.57 per 100 000 during the PCV7 period to 4.09 per 100 000 after PCV13 introduction; PCV13-type IPD incidence decreased from 5.12 to 0.84 per 100 000. Non-PCV13−serotype IPD did not change significantly in this age group (PCV7 period, 1.71 per 100 000 and after PCV13, 2.52 per 100 000). Of cases occurring in this group, bacteremia was the most common clinical diagnosis. Across all ages, IPD decreased from 9.49 to 6.23 per 100 000 and PCV13-type IPD decreased from 4.67 to 1.89 per 100 000, changes being mostly due to decreases in serotypes 19A and 7F. IPD caused by non-PCV13 serotypes did not change (3.34 and 3.35 per 100 000). Overall, pneumococci isolated after PCV13 introduction had increased susceptibility to penicillin, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone. This prospective, laboratory-based surveillance study in Kaiser Permanente Northern California members examined annual IPD incidence before and after PCV13 introduction. In children aged 6 weeks to <6 years, IPD caused by PCV13 serotypes decreased significantly (84%) during the surveillance period. Conclusions IPD incidence decreased further in every age group after PCV13 introduction, suggesting both direct vaccination effects in the infant population and indirect effects in adults. Clinical Trials Registration NCT01128439.

Increased incidence of serotype-1 invasive pneumococcal disease in young female adults in The Netherlands

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (9) ◽  
pp. 1996-1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. VAN MENS ◽  
A. M. M. VAN DEURSEN ◽  
S. C. A. MEIJVIS ◽  
B. J. M. VLAMINCKX ◽  
E. A. M. SANDERS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Immunization Schedule ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
Serotype 1

SUMMARYAnalysis of the Dutch national invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) surveillance data by sex reveals an increase in the incidence of serotype-1 disease in young female adults in The Netherlands after the introduction of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in the national immunization schedule. This has led to an overall increase in IPD in women aged 20–45 years, which was not observed in men of the same age. No other differences in serotype shifts possibly induced by the introduction of PCV7 were observed between the sexes in this age group. Serotype 1 is a naturally fluctuating serotype in Europe and it has been associated with disease in young healthy adults before. It remains uncertain whether or not there is an association between the observed increase in serotype-1 disease in young female adults and the implementation of PCV7 in The Netherlands.

scholarly journals Changing incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease in infants less than 90 days of age before and after introduction of the 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Blantyre, Malawi: a 14-year hospital based surveillance study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Koenraads ◽  
Todd D. Swarthout ◽  
Naor Bar-Zeev ◽  
Comfort Brown ◽  
Jacquline Msefula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Vaccine Serotypes ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundInvasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in young infants is uncommon but associated with high morbidity and mortality. Accurate data on the burden of IPD in young infants in low-income countries are lacking. We examined the burden of IPD in infants aged <90 days in Blantyre, Malawi over a 14 year period and evaluated the impact of the 12 November 2011 introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) on vaccine-serotype IPD (VT-IPD) in this population.MethodsWe conducted laboratory-based prospective IPD surveillance in infants aged <90 days admitted to Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH) in Blantyre between 2005 and 2018, including 7 years pre- and 7 years post-PCV13 introduction. IPD was defined as Streptococcus pneumoniae identified by culture from blood or cerebrospinal fluid. Serotypes were determined by multiplex PCR and latex agglutination testing.ResultsWe identified 130 cases of culture-confirmed IPD in infants <90 days old between 2005-2018. Total IPD incidence was declining prior to PCV13 introduction. The mean incidence of IPD was significantly lower in the post-PCV era. Serotypes 5 (27.8%) and 1(15.6%), were most prevalent. Even after PCV13 introduction, VT-IPD remained dominant with serotype 5 accounting for 17.4% and serotype 1 for 13% of cases in young infants.ConclusionVaccine serotypes were the main cause of IPD in neonates and young infants, both before and after PCV13 introduction. Further strategies need to be considered to protect this vulnerable population, including maternal or neonatal immunization and implementation of an alternative PCV schedule with a booster dose.SummaryThe incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease in infants in Blantyre, Malawi has declined over the past decade and more significantly after introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Vaccine serotypes have remained the main cause of disease in this population.

scholarly journals Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Latvia in PCV10 Vaccination Era, 2012–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa Savrasova ◽  
Angelika Krumina ◽  
Hedija Cupeca ◽  
Indra Zeltina ◽  
Anita Villerusha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Infection ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Vaccine Serotypes ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Chi2 Test

In 2010 in Latvia, invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) became a cause for concern and vaccination of infants with four doses of 7–valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) commenced. In 2012, 10–valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) (three doses at 2, 4, and 12–15 month of age) vaccination was introduced. We described incidence and serotype distribution of IPD in Latvia and investigated serotypes associated with death from IPD based on surveillance data. Adult vaccination against pneumococcal infection is not included in the national immunization program. Laboratory confirmed IPD cases are passively notified to the Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Latvia (CDPC) by laboratories and clinicians. We calculated incidence by age, sex, case fatality, and trend in serotypes by conducting a retrospective population-based cross-sectional study based on national IPD surveillance data. From 2012 to 2018 466 cases of IPD were reported. The highest notified incidence was in 2015 at 4.4/100,000, which fell to 3.9 in 2018. The highest mean annual IPD incidence was in infants (4.8) and in the elderly (6.0). PCV10 vaccine serotypes were the most prevalent in IPD cases up to 2015 with a decreasing trend from 50% (20/40) in 2012 to 19% (14/74) in 2018 (chi2 test for trend of odds = 0.000). PCV23nonPCV13 vaccine serotypes had an increasing trend and rose from 18% (7/40) to 34% (25/74) (chi2 test for trend of odds = 0.000). Non-Vaccine serotypes had an increasing trend and rose from 13% (5/40) to 27% (20/74) (chi2 test for trend of odds = 0.038). Reported total case fatality was 19% (87/466). The highest, at 36% (20/56), was reported in 2013. After adjusting for age, Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3 was associated with death from IPD (adjusted OR 2.3 95%CI 1.25–4.12 p 0.007). Surveillance data indicate evidence of serotype replacement with an increasing trend of serotype 19A and PPV23nonPCV13 and Non-Vaccine serotypes. Serotype 3 and age were associated with fatal IPD outcome. Further studies of S. pneumoniae carriage would be useful in providing more evidence to characterize serotypes' circulation.

scholarly journals Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Among Infants Before and After Introduction of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine

JAMA ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 295 (14) ◽  
pp. 1668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine A. Poehling ◽  
Thomas R. Talbot ◽  
Marie R. Griffin ◽  
Allen S. Craig ◽  
Cynthia G. Whitney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Before And After
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