scholarly journals Medications for Substance Use Disorders

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Dennis C. Daley ◽  
Antoine Douaihy
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Support Program ◽  
Chronic Medical Condition ◽  
Program Participation ◽  
Medication Assisted Treatment ◽  
Continued Use ◽  
The Brain

Substance use disorder (SUD) is a chronic medical condition with relapses and remissions, and it has a strong genetic component. Risk for relapse increases with continued use because changes to the brain neurocircuitry pathways created by extensive substance use do not completely revert to normal after detoxification or stopping substance use. Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) is used for addiction to alcohol, opioids, or nicotine and is usually offered in combination with behavioral therapy and/or mutual support program participation. Medications can play a major role in facilitating initial abstinence, reducing relapse risk, and increasing the likelihood of the client maintaining longer periods of abstinence. Behavioral interventions can influence clients to use MAT in their recovery and influence adherence and impact on retention.

Co-occurring Substance Use Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Soule ◽  
Hilary S. Connery
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Contingency Management ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
Mental Health Clinics ◽  
Medication Assisted Treatment ◽  
Community Mental Health Clinics

Substance use disorders are frequently comorbid with mood, anxiety, and psychotic disorders, and they commonly present in tandem in both primary care and psychiatric settings. Unfortunately, in the past, individuals with co-occurring substance use and mental health disorders would receive treatment in community mental health clinics only after their substance use disorder was “stabilized.” There has been increasing recognition that integrated treatment is necessary for these individuals to fully succeed and achieve recovery. This chapter uses a common presentation to illustrate up-to-date screening and treatment recommendations. Motivational interviewing, contingency management, cognitive–behavioral therapy, and medication-assisted treatment are explored. A discussion of the continuum of community-based services and systems challenges follows.

scholarly journals Importance of Video-EEG Monitoring in the Diagnosis of Epilepsy in a Psychiatric Patient

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Batool F. Kirmani
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Conversion Disorder ◽  
Chronic Medical Condition ◽  
Psychiatric History ◽  
Eeg Monitoring ◽  
Work Up ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Video Eeg ◽  
Psychiatric Issues

Epilepsy is a chronic medical condition which is disabling to both patients and caregivers. The differential diagnosis of epilepsy includes psychogenic nonepileptic spells or “pseudoseizures.” Epilepsy is due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain, and pseudoseizure is a form of conversion disorder. The brain waves remain normal in pseudoseizures. The problem arises when a patient with significant psychiatric history presents with seizures. Pseudoseizures become high on the differential diagnosis without extensive work up. This is a case of woman with significant psychiatric issues which resulted in a delay in the diagnosis of epilepsy.

Screening Instrument for Adolescents of Parents With Chronic Medical Condition

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik S. Sieh ◽  
Frans J. Oort ◽  
Johanna M. A. Visser-Meily ◽  
Anne Marie Meijer
Keyword(s):  
Medical Condition ◽  
Screening Instrument ◽  
Chronic Medical Condition

scholarly journals The Profound Heterogeneity of Substance Use Disorders: Implications for Treatment Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 096372142110269
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Treatment Development ◽  
Computer Based Training ◽  
Tailored Interventions ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Disorder Type

A single treatment approach will never be sufficient to address the diversity of individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs). SUDs have historically defied definition through simple characterizations or models, and no single characterization has led to the development of broadly effective interventions. The range of dimensions of heterogeneity among individuals with SUDs, including severity of the disorder, type of substance, and issues that frequently co-occur, underscores the need for highly tailored approaches. Personalized medicine for individuals with SUDs will require two major developments. First, given the diversity of individuals with SUDs, multivariate phenotyping is needed to identify the particular features driving addictive processes in a given individual. Second, a wider range of interventions that directly target core mechanisms of addiction and the problems that co-occur with them is needed. As clinicians cannot be expected to master the full range of interventions that may target these core processes, developing interventions that can be delivered easily, flexibly, and systematically via technology will facilitate the ability to truly tailor them to this highly complex and challenging population. One such technology-delivered intervention, Computer-Based Training for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT4CBT), is used as an example to illustrate a vision for the future of highly tailored interventions for individuals with SUDs.

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