Case Report: Favorable Response and Manageable Toxicity to the Combination of Camrelizumab, Oxaliplatin, and Oral S-1 in a Patient With Advanced Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Gastric Cancer

Some pertinent studies have demonstrated that Epstein–Barr virus-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) patients showed a favorable clinical outcome to immunotherapy and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-positive status might be a potential biomarker for immunotherapy in gastric cancer (GC). However, knowledge of given exposure to EBVaGC to the first-line immunotherapy is largely inadequate. Moreover, whether camrelizumab can be as effective as other PD-1 inhibitors in the treatment of advanced EBVaGC has not been reported. We report a case of advanced EBVaGC patient with a positive expression of PD-L1, enriched PD-L1+CD68+macrophages, and high TMB who had a long-term partial response and manageable toxicity to the combined approach of camrelizumab (a novel PD-1 inhibitor) and oxaliplatin plus oral S-1 (SOX). As the first-line treatment of advanced EBVaGC patients, camrelizumab combined with SOX regimen may provide a novel combined approach with favorable response and manageable safety. Combination of multiple biomarkers could have a higher effective predictive capacity to immunotherapy. Integrated treatment (chemo-immunotherapy and radiotherapy) might be the optimal strategy for patients with oligometastasis. It deserves prospective research to further validate the efficacy.

THE CORRELATION BETWEEN FAMILY SUPPORT AND ADOLESCENT'S COMPLIANCE IN JOINING THE INTEGRATED SERVICE POST PROGRAM FOR FAMILY (POSYANDU KELUARGA) AROUND THE WORK AREA OF PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE OF AIKMEL

Adolescence is a transition period recognized from physical, emotional, and psychological changes happening between 10-19 years of age. Teenagers’ health problems certainly need comprehensive and integrated treatment given through IEC, counseling, peer counseling, clinical/medical services, and referrals, including the Integrated Service Post program as a form of community participation in health services. Therefore, the integrated-service-post program should be able to expand its service range; not only for toddlers, pregnant and breast-feeding women, but also other strategic targets such as teenagers and the elderly. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between family support and adolescent compliance in joining the family posyandu around the working area of the Public Health Center of Aikmel.This research was a descriptive correlation study using an observational approach. The population of this study was 399 teenagers and the samples were 134 drawn using systematic cluster sampling. A questionnaire was used to measure family support and observation sheets were used to find out adolescent compliance in joining the program. The data were then analyzed using the chi-square test.The results showed that the highest participation was shown by teenagers between 12-16 years of aged (70.1%) and the lowest participation was performed by adolescents aged 17-25 years (29.0%). Additionally, based on gender, girls participated more than boys (the participation of girls was 53%). Moreover, the result showed that the higher the education, the higher the family support. Finally, the levels of compliance were 53.7% (compliant) and 56.3% (non-compliant). The statistical test showed that ρ value = 0.009 (ρ < 0.05).Therefore, it can be concluded that there was a significant correlation between family support and adolescent compliance in joining the Integrated Service Post program for families around the working area of the Public Health Center of Aikmel. Hopefully, paramedics/cadres can provide counseling about the importance of family support to increase teenagers’ compliance in joining the program.

Effectiveness of a Constructed Wetland with Carbon Filtration in Reducing Pesticides Associated with Agricultural Runoff

The Salinas Valley in Monterey County, California, USA, is a highly productive agricultural region. Irrigation runoff containing pesticides at concentrations toxic to aquatic organisms poses a threat to aquatic ecosystems within local watersheds. This study monitored the effectiveness of a constructed wetland treatment system with a granulated activated carbon (GAC) filter installation at reducing pesticide concentrations and associated toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia, Hyalella azteca, and Chironomus dilutus. The wetland was supplied with water pumped from an impaired agricultural and urban drainage. Across five monitoring trials, the integrated system’s average pesticide concentration reduction was 52%. The wetland channel and GAC filtration components individually provided significant treatment, and within each, pesticide solubility had a significant effect on changes in pesticide concentrations. The integrated treatment system also reduced nitrate by 61%, phosphate by 73%, and turbidity by 90%. Input water was significantly toxic to C. dubia and H. azteca in the first trial. Toxicity to C. dubia persisted throughout the system, whereas toxicity to H. azteca was removed by the channel, but there was residual toxicity post-GAC. The final trial had significant input toxicity to H. azteca and C. dilutus. The channel reduced toxicity to H. azteca and removed toxicity to C. dilutus. GAC filtration reduced H. azteca toxicity to an insignificant level. There was no input toxicity in the other three trials. The results demonstrate that a wetland treatment system coupled with GAC filtration can reduce pesticide concentrations, nutrients, suspended particles, and aquatic toxicity associated with agricultural runoff.

Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time on the Levels of Biochemical Oxygen Demand and Total Suspended Solid with Simple Integrated Treatment as an Alternative to Meet the Household Needs for Clean Water

BACKGROUND: Domestic wastewater can cause health problems and pollute groundwater sources. Such pollution not only has a negative impact on health and the environment, but also on the cost in providing clean water. AIM: The outcome of domestic wastewater treatment through a proper technique is expected to meet the clean water quality standard for sanitation purposes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) on the levels of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) of domestic wastewater. The experiment was carried out with 6 variations of HRT, namely 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours and 8 hours with 4 repetitions. The media running process was carried out for 14 days until the reactor condition was in steady state. RESULTS: The results showed that the removal values ​​for COD, Oil and Fat, Ammonia and Total Coliform parameters were 68.03%, 46.51%, 69.64% and 68.99%, respectively. Based on the variation of HRT of 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours and 8 hours on the BOD parameter, the removal values ​​obtained were 11.7%, 21.3%, 34.7%, 49.0% and 64.1%, respectively. Furthermore, for the TSS parameter, the values obtained were 17.3%, 25.4%, 30.6%, 42.3% and 50.4%, respectively. CONCLUSION: HRT was proven to have a significant effect on the levels of BOD and TSS of domestic wastewater with a p-value of <0.05 at the 95% confidence level

Digital Interventions for Dual Diagnosis

Dual diagnosis is a leading contributor of disease burden worldwide. Whilst integrated treatment is recommended, there are considerable barriers that may inhibit access to integrated care, including a lack of training and resources. Digital interventions may enable access to support, providing a space for people to engage in treatment when they need it most. This chapter reviews the current literature on the efficacy of digital interventions for dual diagnosis. Computer-based interventions were effective at improving dual diagnosis outcomes; however, the combined effect of computer-based interventions and therapist support was found to be more effective than the effects of computer-based interventions alone. The evidence-base around smartphone applications is lacking, and there are perceived difficulties with this technology in addressing the complexity of issues faced by people with dual diagnosis. Future research should include standardised terminology to describe techniques used within interventions and consider a variety of research methods to understand implementation.

IMPACT OF ORGANIC AND BIOFERTILIZER APPLICATION ON YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTING CHARACTERS IN LINSEED (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) belongs to family Linaceae, is the second most important rabi oilseed crop and stands next to rapeseed – mustard in area of cultivation and seed production in India. Flaxseed is grown as either oil crop or a fibre crop with fibre linen derived from the stem of fibre varieties and oil from the seed of linseed varieties. Several studies have been conducted on effect of fertilizers on growth and yield of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) varieties which revealed their enhancing role on the quality and quantity of flax cultivars. In this regards, a present study was planned and conducted during the Rabi season of 2020-2021 in the Agricultural field of School of Agricultural Sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India to investigate the effect of organic and biofertilizer and integrated treatment on the growth and yield of Linseed. The findings were reported on important growth and yield attributed parameters such as plant height, total fresh weight, total yield, 1000- seed weight (g), and number of seed / capsules. The maximum growth and yield was reported in T6 treatment where biofertilizer have been applied in consortium form followed by vermicompost. Thus, the findings revealed that all the microbial strains in consortia used as bio fertilizers showed enhanced tern of vegetative growth of plants, total herbage yield and total seed yield at various stages. This may be due to sustained release of nutrients to supply the required elements in microbial strains. The biofertilizers exhibited beneficial effects on plant growth and development either through producing growth hormones like IAA, kinetin and gibberellins, synthesizing atmospheric nitrogen and its increased availability to greater protein synthesis as well as increasing Phosphorus availability to plant communities. Thus, it was concluded that the enhanced expression of yield and its related attributes will have beneficial impact in production of nutraceutical products of commercial importance.

Maintenance Management of a Transmission Substation with Optimization

The paper deals with the reliability-centered maintenance (RCM) of a transmission substation. The process of the planning and actual performance of maintenance was carried out using an optimization algorithm. This maintenance procedure represents the maintenance management and included reliability of the power system operation, maintenance costs, and associated risks. The originality of the paper lies in the integrated treatment of all maintenance processes that are included in the pre-processing and used in the optimization process for reliability-centered maintenance. The optimization algorithm of transmission substation maintenance was tested in practice on the equipment and components of an existing 400/110–220/110 kV substation in the Slovenian electricity transmission system. A comparison analysis was also carried out of the past time-based maintenance (TBM) and the new reliability-centered maintenance (RCM), on the basis of the optimization algorithm.