Miscellaneous disorders of the bowel

Oxford Textbook of Medicine ◽

10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0314 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 3025-3031

Author(s):

Alexander Gimson

Keyword(s):

Parenteral Nutrition ◽

Intestinal Failure ◽

Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis ◽

Rectal Ulcer ◽

Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome ◽

Protein Losing Enteropathy ◽

Vascular Disorders ◽

Wide Range ◽

Colon And Rectum ◽

Intestinal Pseudo Obstruction

A wide range of miscellaneous disorders can affect the bowel. Those discussed in this chapter include cystic disorders (colitis cystica profunda and pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis), protein-losing enteropathy, vascular disorders of the intestine (spontaneous intramural haemorrhage and ortoenteric fistulas), intestinal pseudo-obstruction (acute colonic pseudo-obstruction, chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction), various disorders of the colon and rectum (including microscopic, collagenous, and lymphocytic colitis, malakoplakia, solitary rectal ulcer syndrome, and stercoral ulcers), complications of parenteral nutrition and intestinal failure, peritoneal disorders, and endometriosis.

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Etiology and Management of Pediatric Intestinal Failure: Focus on the Non-Digestive Causes

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13030786 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 786

Author(s):

Antonella Diamanti ◽

Giacomo Calvitti ◽

Diego Martinelli ◽

Emma Santariga ◽

Teresa Capriati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parenteral Nutrition ◽

Intestinal Failure ◽

Present Review ◽

Special Focus ◽

Minimal Amount ◽

Pathophysiological Mechanisms ◽

Liver And Pancreas ◽

Comprehensive Search ◽

Therapeutic Tools ◽

Intestinal Pseudo Obstruction

Background: Intestinal failure (IF) is defined as reduction in functioning gut mass below the minimal amount necessary for adequate digestion and absorption. In most cases, IF results from intrinsic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (digestive IF) (DIF); few cases arise from digestive vascular components, gut annexed (liver and pancreas) and extra-digestive organs or from systemic diseases (non-digestive IF) (NDIF). The present review revised etiology and treatments of DIF and NDIF, with special focus on the pathophysiological mechanisms, whereby NDIF develops. Methods: We performed a comprehensive search of published literature from January 2010 to the present by selecting the following search strings: “intestinal failure” OR “home parenteral nutrition” OR “short bowel syndrome” OR “chronic pseudo-obstruction” OR “chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction” OR “autoimmune enteropathy” OR “long-term parenteral nutrition”. Results: We collected overall 1656 patients with well-documented etiology of IF: 1419 with DIF (86%) and 237 with NDIF (14%), 55% males and 45% females. Among DIF cases, 66% had SBS and among NDIF cases 90% had malabsorption/maldigestion. Conclusions: The improved availability of diagnostic and therapeutic tools has increased prevalence and life expectancy of rare and severe diseases responsible for IF. The present review greatly expands the spectrum of knowledge on the pathophysiological mechanisms through which the diseases not strictly affecting the intestine can cause IF. In view of the rarity of the majority of pediatric IF diseases, the development of IF Registries is strongly required; in fact, through information flow within the network, the Registries could improve IF knowledge and management.

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Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-obstruction

Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1609024 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (02) ◽

pp. 099-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Khalil El-Chammas ◽

Manu Sood

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Parenteral Nutrition ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Correct Diagnosis ◽

Small Bowel Transplantation ◽

Intestinal Failure ◽

Enteric Neurons ◽

Nutrition Support ◽

Team Approach ◽

Intestinal Pseudo Obstruction

AbstractChronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIP) is defined by either continuous or intermittent symptoms of bowel obstruction in the absence of fixed lumen excluding lesion. CIP includes a heterogeneous group of disorders which result either from diseases affecting the enteric neurons and smooth muscle lining or those involving the autonomic innervation of the bowel. Symptoms associated with CIP are nonspecific, which can sometimes contribute to the delay in recognizing the condition and making the correct diagnosis. The diagnostic workup should include imaging and manometry studies and, occasionally, full-thickness bowel biopsies for histopathological examination may be required. Multidisciplinary team approach for the management of these patients is recommended, and the team members should include a gastroenterologist, surgeon, chronic pain specialist, clinical nutritionist, and a psychologist. The treatment goals should include optimizing the nutritional status and preventing or delaying the development of intestinal failure. The majority of the patients require enteral or parenteral nutrition support, and chronic pain is a common and distressing symptom. Small bowel transplantation may be required if patients develop liver complications due to parenteral nutrition, have difficult central line access, or have poor quality of life and worsening pain despite aggressive medical management.

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Massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding associated with solitary rectal ulcer in a patient with Behçet’s disease

Reumatismo ◽

10.4081/reumatismo.2015.819 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. Bes ◽

Ü. Dağlı ◽

F. Yılmaz ◽

M. Soy

Keyword(s):

Behçet’S Disease ◽

Behcet’S Disease ◽

Behçet's Disease ◽

Rectal Ulcer ◽

Solitary Rectal Ulcer ◽

Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome ◽

Behcet's Disease ◽

Diffi Cult ◽

Wide Range ◽

Endoscopic Picture

Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome is a rare benign disorder that has a wide range of clinical presentations and variable endoscopic fi ndings which makes it diffi cult to diagnose and treat. The clinical and endoscopic picture in this condition can also mimic malign ulceration, malignancy or Crohn’s disease. Behçet’s disease can affect the gastrointestinal tract. However to the best of our knowledge, no case with solitary rectal ulceration has been reported so far in literature. We herein present a patient diagnosed with Behçet’s disease admitted to our clinic with rectal bleeding due to solitary rectal ulceration.

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