Rectal cancer

2019 ◽  
pp. 165-195
Author(s):  
Rob Glynne-Jones ◽  
Mark Harrison

Chapter 8 assesses the role of radiation therapy in rectal cancer, with emphasis on preoperative imaging, patient selection for preoperative chemoradiotherapy and short-course preoperative radiotherapy, and postoperative chemoradiation. The various available planning techniques are described. More conformal techniques such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy, volume-modulated arc therapy, and brachytherapy are also covered. In addition, the chapter reviews chemoradiation and radiotherapy as an adjunct to local excision and endoluminal irradiation.

Author(s):  
Rob Glynne-Jones ◽  
Mark Harrison ◽  
David Sebag-Montefiore

Chapter 7 assesses the role of radiation therapy in rectal cancer, with emphasis on preoperative imaging, patient selection for preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and short-course preoperative radiotherapy (SCPRT), and postoperative chemoradiation. We describe the various available planning techniques. More conformal techniques such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), volume-modulated arc therapy (VMAT), and brachytherapy are also described. In addition, chemoradiation and radiotherapy as an adjunct to local excision and endoluminal irradiation are also reviewed.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.R. Hanna ◽  
F. Slevin ◽  
A. Appelt ◽  
M. Beavon ◽  
R. Adams ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Vincent Wing Cheung Wu ◽  
Man In Pun ◽  
Cho Pan Lam ◽  
To Wing Mok ◽  
Wah Wai Mok

This study compared the performance of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) techniques: single arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (SA-VMAT) and double arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (DA-VMAT) with the static beam conventional intensity modulated radiotherapy (C-IMRT) for non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Twelve stage I and II NSCLC patients were recruited and their planning CT with contoured planning target volume (PTV) and organs at risk (OARs) was used for planning. Using the same dose constraints and planning objectives, the C-IMRT, SA-VMAT, and DA-VMAT plans were optimized. C-IMRT consisted of 7 static beams, while SA-VMAT and DA-VMAT plans consisted of one and two full gantry rotations, respectively. No significant difference was found among the three techniques in target homogeneity and conformity. Mean lung dose in C-IMRT plan was significantly lower than that in DA-VMAT plan P=0.04. The ability of OAR sparing was similar among the three techniques, with no significant difference in V20, V10, or V5 of normal lungs, spinal cord, and heart. Less MUs were required in SA-VMAT and DA-VMAT. Besides, SA-VMAT required the shortest beam on time among the three techniques. In treatment of early stage NSCLC, no significant dosimetric superiority was shown by the VMAT techniques over C-IMRT and DA-VMAT over SA-VMAT.


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