Mycobacterial-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: a cause of acute interstitial nephritis during HIV infection

This case study discusses the management of a disseminated Mycobacterium simiae and Mycobacterium avium infection causing an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in a 52-year-old woman with HIV infection. Disseminated M. avium infections have extensively been described in HIV patients; however, reports of infections with M. simiae are rare. Treatment of M. simiae infections is challenging due to its high rates of natural drug resistances, and thus far, no standard treatment regimen exists.

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Tuberculosis Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV Infection

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal ◽

10.1097/inf.0000000000000142 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

pp. 499-503 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Ruth Link-Gelles ◽

Harry Moultrie ◽

Shobna Sawry ◽

David Murdoch ◽

Annelies Van Rie

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽

Immune Reconstitution ◽

Inflammatory Syndrome

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Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome associated with secondary syphilis: dermatologic, neurologic and ophthalmologic compromise in an HIV patient

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/0956462418813045 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. 509-511

Author(s):

Sami Alcedo ◽

Renee Newby ◽

Juan José Montenegro ◽

Paola Rondan ◽

Jorge Arevalo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽

Immune Reconstitution ◽

Secondary Syphilis ◽

Immune Reconstitution Syndrome ◽

Clinical Expression ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Inflammatory Syndrome

The presentation of syphilis as a manifestation of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is rare and can be associated with the varied clinical expression of unusual syphilitic manifestations. We report a case of immune reconstitution syndrome with dermatologic, ophthalmologic and neurologic compromise of secondary syphilis in a patient with HIV infection.

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Granulomatous interstitial nephritis in the setting of disseminated Mycobacterium simiae: a rare presentation of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/0956462420926881 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (9) ◽

pp. 911-913 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Natalie Mariam Salas ◽

Thomas F Byrd

Keyword(s):

Interstitial Nephritis ◽

Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽

Immune Reconstitution ◽

Rare Presentation ◽

Granulomatous Interstitial Nephritis ◽

First Case ◽

Infection Treatment ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Inflammatory Syndrome ◽

Mycobacterium Simiae

Disseminated Mycobacterium simiae is a rare opportunistic infection reported most commonly in advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Treatment can be further complicated by the occurrence of severe immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). We present the first case of disseminated multi-drug-resistant M. simiae in the setting of advanced HIV, complicated by IRIS in the form of granulomatous interstitial nephritis causing acute renal failure. This case highlights the importance of recognizing rare complications of IRIS, as delays in therapy can be life threatening.

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