Pattern

Pattern is central in the pattern-focused case conceptualization approach. This chapter highlights the five basic treatment challenges for each of the eight common patterns in everyday clinical practice. It first defines pattern and provides a clinical strategy for quickly identifying and differentiating the basic patterns. Then, it describes eight patterns: avoidant, borderline, dependent, histrionic, narcissistic, obsessive–compulsive, paranoid, and passive–aggressive. Each of these patterns is discussed in the following format: pattern description, pattern development, pattern types and triggers, and treatment challenges. Clinicians who understand patterns and can identify them easily in clients are more likely to be able to explain and guide treatment, as well as anticipate treatment challenges.