Role Models

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-66
Author(s):  
Séverine Autesserre
Keyword(s):  
Role Models ◽  
Local People ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Armed Group ◽  
Effective Work ◽  
International Action ◽  
South Kivu

Chapter Two describes the work of the Life & Peace Institute, a Swedish peacebuilding agency that has been particularly successful in resolving conflicts in Congo. It tells the stories of the individuals behind this non-governmental organization, introducing a vivid cast of characters. It recounts the challenges they faced, the mistakes they made, and the innovative approach they found to address grassroots tensions. The Life & Peace Institute empowers local people to develop their own analyses of ongoing conflicts, and devise and implement solutions. Its effective work on the Rasta armed group and the herder-farmer conflict in the Congolese province of South Kivu shows concrete ways in which foreigners are already helping residents build peace. All in all, the Life & Peace Institute provides a model for international action—a bottom-up alternative to the usual top-down approach, and a better way for foreigners to help confront violence in war zones.

scholarly journals State-Structures in Somalia:   Why do Some Succeed and Others Fail?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jens Bjerg Sand
Keyword(s):  
International Society ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Local People ◽  
State Structure ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
External Actors

<p>State-structures in Somalia is addressing the problem of what a state-structure is, what it should do and how and why they are being created. The Internal demand for structures among ordinaries Somalia to provide them security, often conflict with the security interests that the international society and external actors have in forming a state structure to promote their own security needs. How successful/unsuccessful statestructure are formed, their performance and ability to survive is the focus of this thesis. This thesis concludes that in order to be successful, a state-structure has to be formed bottom-up though the demand of the local people, and build on accepted local governance norms. A state-structure imposed top-down by external actors or the international society will always fail in Somalia due to lack of local legitimacy and support.</p>

Recasting Roles

2021 ◽  
pp. 151-176
Author(s):  
Séverine Autesserre
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Local Elites ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Success Stories ◽  
The World ◽  
Book Building

Chapter Six explains how people who work in war zones can learn from the success stories presented throughout the book. Building on the stories of remarkable individuals and organizations from various parts of the world, it offers concrete ideas that can inspire readers and give them models to follow. The chapter first identifies the main characteristics of effective peacebuilders (whether donors, diplomats, United Nations peacekeepers, non-governmental organization staff members, or grassroots activists), and explains how outsiders can best help host populations resolve conflicts. It then recognizes the need for international involvement, emphasizing the value that foreigners have as outsiders in conflict zones while acknowledging the challenges that their presence poses, and discussing the benefits and limitations of relying on local elites and ordinary citizens. Throughout, this chapter advocates for a different, more effective approach to building peace—both from the bottom up and from the top down.

scholarly journals State-Structures in Somalia:   Why do Some Succeed and Others Fail?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jens Bjerg Sand
Keyword(s):  
International Society ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Local People ◽  
State Structure ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
External Actors

<p>State-structures in Somalia is addressing the problem of what a state-structure is, what it should do and how and why they are being created. The Internal demand for structures among ordinaries Somalia to provide them security, often conflict with the security interests that the international society and external actors have in forming a state structure to promote their own security needs. How successful/unsuccessful statestructure are formed, their performance and ability to survive is the focus of this thesis. This thesis concludes that in order to be successful, a state-structure has to be formed bottom-up though the demand of the local people, and build on accepted local governance norms. A state-structure imposed top-down by external actors or the international society will always fail in Somalia due to lack of local legitimacy and support.</p>

Psychology and Culture: Top Down Versus Bottom Up?

PsycCRITIQUES ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Cole
Keyword(s):  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up

Optimalisasi Ekonomi Syariah Untuk Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Dalam Pengentasan Kemiskinan Mewujudkan Goodgovernance

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Sadari Sadari ◽  
Nurhidayat Nurhidayat ◽  
Rafiqah Rafiqah
Keyword(s):  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up

Humanisme religius telah mengantarkan pada era kesadaran bahwa peradaban manusia harus memiliki dua arus yang saling menunjang. Selama ini arus balik dalam bidang ekonomi hanya menonjolkan arus balik vertikal atas kebawah (model top down) yang didominasi oleh sistem ekonomi kapitalis dan sosialis, sedangkan di sisi lain mengesampingkan arus balik vertikal dari bawah ke atas (model bottom up) yang didominasi oleh sistem ekonomi syariah, sehingga dampaknya adalah adanya kesenjangan ekonomi yang sangat tajam. Paper ini mewujudkan peran penting, yakni menghubungkan dua arus tersebut secara timbal-balik, yakni mempertemukan arus pertama dengan arus balik kedua, sehingga akan menghasilkan dampak yang positif, progresif, kreatif dan produktif, kemudian pada akhirnya akan dapat meng-optomal-kan ekonomi syariah untuk menciptakan goodgovernance, post goodgovernance secara berkelanjutan, tentunya dengan bantuan peran media kontemporer yang kian update. Ekonomi syariah juga merupakan pilar dan nilai dasar, dari sikap keyakinan dan sikap rasionalitas untuk sanggup menciptakan terwujudnya pemberdayaan dan kesejahteraan sekaligus pengentasan kemiskinan dalam masyarakat di Indonesia.

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