Global Race War

Author(s):  
Alexander D. Barder

Global Race War: International Politics and Racial Hierarchy explores the historical connections between race and violence from the nineteenth to the early twenty-first centuries. Barder shows how beginning with the Haitian Revolution and nineteenth century settler colonialism the development of the very idea of global order was based on racial hierarchy. The intensification of racial violence happened when the global racial hierarchy appeared to be in crisis. By the first half of the twentieth century, ideas about race war come to fuse themselves with state genocidal projects to eliminate internal and external enemy races. Global processes of racialization did not end with the Second World War and with the discrediting of scientific racism, the decolonization of the global South and the expansion of the state-system to newly independent states; rather it continued in different forms as the racialization of cultural or civilizational attributes that then resulted in further racial violence. From fears about the “Yellow Peril,” the “Clash of Civilization,” or, more recently, the “Great Replacement,” the global imaginary is constituted by ideas about racial difference. Examining global politics in terms of race and racial violence reveals a different spatial topology across domestic and global politics. Global histories of racial hierarchy and violence have important implications for understanding the continued salience of race within Western polities. The book revisits two centuries of international history to show the important consequences of a global racial imaginary that continues to reverberate across time and space.

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-46
Author(s):  
Alexander D. Barder

Long relegated to the margins of history in the study of international relations, the Haitian Revolution of 1791–1804 should be considered of paramount importance for understanding the emergence of a global racial imaginary of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The consequences of the liquidation of slavery and French colonialism on the island were felt throughout the western hemisphere and constituted a perpetual source of anxiety about the possibilities of racial rebellion. This chapter examines the intellectual effects of the Haitian Revolution in order to demonstrate the crystallization of a global racial hierarchy. This global racial hierarchy took for granted the ineluctable supremacy of “white” Western Europeans and Americans but was, nonetheless, deeply anxious about the possibilities of its future demise. A key element in this intellectual history, examined in this chapter, is the idea of racial violence or war that is used to interpret the events of the Haitian Revolution.


2019 ◽  
pp. 177-195
Author(s):  
Michelle Burnham

This chapter reads the dynamics of gender and racial violence in Leonora Sansay’s 1808 novel Secret History in transoceanic context. Even as the French Atlantic triangle generated enormous wealth through enormous exploitation, encounters and events in the transnational Pacific were laying bare the unequal terms and coercive relations that underpinned such triangles and the circuits that spun around them. Set in Saint Domingue during the Haitian Revolution, the novel situates the violence of both marital and plantation intimacies within the turning global circuits of sexual-economic drive and their production of disproportion and inequality. By presenting French European and French creole desire in terms of a sexualized colonialism and a pornographic capitalism, Secret History exposes the rotations of capitalist drive as a violent obscenity, and revolution as its violent offspring.


2021 ◽  
pp. 47-70
Author(s):  
Alexander D. Barder

The premise of this chapter is the elucidation of a different ontology of global politics and order of the nineteenth century. International relations theory takes for granted a largely ahistorical state-centric ontology, which reifies a specific Eurocentric state and state system as the embodiment of global politics. Instead this chapter focuses on an alternative ontology of race, racial hierarchy, and racial difference as significant for defining the content of an imperial global politics and order. The chapter places into context the emergence of scientific racism and social Darwinism as key intellectual elements in defining a political imaginary that influenced the politics of difference and violence. The chapter shows that this intellectual history reveals a global order that was fundamentally racialized and that global violence was understood and practiced as race war.


2019 ◽  
pp. 174-212
Author(s):  
Emily Richmond Pollock

This chapter places the opera commissioned for the reopening of Munich’s faithfully reconstructed Nationaltheater, Egk’s Die Verlobung in San Domingo, in the context of postwar Munich’s architectural and cultural restoration. The ethos behind the Nationaltheater reconstruction reflected Munich’s understanding of its relationship to National Socialism and to wartime destruction. The festival to celebrate the newly built theater mythologized Munich’s operatic tradition and was largely insensitive to recent history, instead emphasizing a continuity of greatness. This attitude of retrenchment was reflected in Egk’s opera, which was about romance and racial violence during the Haitian Revolution. Despite his interest in modern techniques, Egk was invested in traditional operatic expression and forms. He problematically used jazz idioms and percussion effects to “other” Black characters while coding expressive verismo tropes as white and heroic. Die Verlobung in San Domingo is a product of the patriotic, monumental, and traditional milieu for which it was written.


2020 ◽  
pp. 22-48
Author(s):  
Christina Zwarg

Chapter 1 shows Douglass increasingly sensitive to the way that abolition turned democracy into a traumatic genre for those in power. Seeking the elusive “thing” to be abolished for emancipation to be achieved, Douglass reworks the affiliation of mesmerism with the Haitian revolution through a variety of eclectic influences, as we see in “The Heroic Slave” and in his application of the early brain theory of George Combe. Defusing the hasty association between abolition and race war required careful rehearsals (or in Mesmer’s terms, the generation of a “crisis state”) in order to expose the dangerous power of such fears. With his future taken from him by slavery, Douglass studies the violent behavior of his masters and later audience members interrupting his abolitionist lectures. In the process he exposes the social horizon of temporal disruptions later informing the Freudian notion of afterwardsness.


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