Social Claims in the Shadow of the Fallen

2019 ◽  
pp. 77-107
Author(s):  
Dónal Hassett
Keyword(s):  
Moral Economy ◽  
Political Protests ◽  
Post War ◽  
Wartime Experience

This chapter examines the left’s attempts to mobilize the wartime ‘moral economy of sacrifice’ in support of its vision of a just post-war order in the colony. Focusing on the immediate post-war moment, it examines how the campaigns of strike action and political protests led by socialists and trade unionists in the colony relied heavily on egalitarian notions grounded in the wartime experience. It also considers the response this provoked from conservative forces, which sought to counter the left’s rhetoric by stressing the ‘fraternity of arms’. Finally, it assesses the place of indigenous workers in these debates, asking how the left reconciled its use of an egalitarian language, drawn in part from the experience of the war, with its ambiguous attitude toward any erosion of European hegemony in the colony.

Two post-war paths: Popular violence in the Bohemian lands and in Austria in the aftermath of World War I

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 759-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ota Konrád
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
New World ◽  
Collective Identities ◽  
World War ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Successor State ◽  
Post War ◽  
Forms Of Violence ◽  
Wartime Experience

The study explores the phenomenon of popular violence in the first months and years after the end of World War I on the basis of a comparison between the Bohemian lands, forming the central part of the newly established Czechoslovakia, and Austria, as another successor state to the former Habsburg monarchy. Aside from the continuities, new forms of violence increasingly emerged in the first years after the end of the war, and also the “language” of violence was transformed. While in Czechoslovakia, the framework within which people were learning to understand the new world was shaped by the national and republican discourse oriented to the future, in Austria the collective identities and mentalities were being formed along the lines of particular party political blocks. In both cases, the nationalization and politicization of violence respectively contributed to the emergence of new forms of popular violence; but at the same time they could also be used for its de-escalation, necessary for the re-integration of society disrupted by the wartime experience. However, even if both countries went out from the war on different paths, the violence stayed part of their political culture and it could be mobilized again.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Helen J. Whatmore-Thomson
Keyword(s):  
History And Memory ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
National Memory ◽  
Local Engagement ◽  
Post War ◽  
Nazi Camps ◽  
Wartime Experience

Local populations interacted and engaged with their nearby Nazi camps whether in perpetrator or occupied nations, and these interactions continued with whatever became of the camps after the war. The introduction situates the book between historiographical debates that span wartime experience and post-war national memory cultures, and discusses the conceptual relevance of bystanders as a category of analysis. It shifts the perspective of KZ history to the durable intertwinement of camp and community and argues that local engagement with sites of terror is a critical vector in KZ history and memory.

Remaking the Post-War Colonial Order

2019 ◽  
pp. 43-76
Author(s):  
Dónal Hassett
Keyword(s):  
Moral Economy ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
War Effort ◽  
Mutual Obligation ◽  
Post War ◽  
Colonial Order

This chapter focuses on the question of colonial reform in interwar Algeria, asking how political actors sought to redefine their place within the imperial polity in the wake of the war. Through a close reading of the debates that surrounded the two major moments of prospective colonial reform, the Jonnart reforms (1919) and the Blum-Viollette Project (1936), it shows how activists across ideological and ethnic divides mobilized the memory of the war to reimagine the system of colonial rule in Algeria. Underlining the limited appeal of Wilsonian rhetoric in the colony, this chapter explores the dominance of arguments grounded in concepts of the ‘moral economy of wartime sacrifice’ and ‘mutual obligation’. It considers how political actors sought to legitimize their visons of a just post-war colonial order by maximising their contribution to the war effort while minimising the wartime participation of their opponents, thus undermining their rival claims on the post-war state.

scholarly journals Cast Down, But Not Forsaken

2018 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-76
Author(s):  
Elliot Worsfold
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Post War ◽  
Hyphenated Identity ◽  
English Canadian ◽  
War Commemoration ◽  
Second World ◽  
First World ◽  
Wartime Experience

This study seeks to reassess the notion that German-Canadians in Ontario were “silent victims” during the Second World War by exploring the wartime experience and memory of German-Canadian Lutheran congregations in Oxford and Waterloo Counties. Far from silent, Lutheran pastors initiated several strategies to ensure their congregants did not face discrimination and internment as they had during the First World War. These strategies encompassed several reforms, including eliminating German language church services and embracing English-Canadian symbols and forms of post-war commemoration. However, these reforms were often met with resistance and ambivalence by their congregations, thereby creating a conversation within the German-Canadian Lutheran community on how to reconcile its Germanic and Lutheran heritage with waging a patriotic war. While previous studies have primarily focused on identity loss, this study suggests that the debates that occurred within these Lutheran churches were representative of the community’s German-Canadian hyphenated identity.

“Mathematical Paradise”: The Parallel Social Infrastructure of Post-war Soviet Mathematics

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-128
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Gerovitch
Keyword(s):  
Applied Mathematics ◽  
Moral Economy ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Mathematical Community ◽  
Mathematical Truth ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Mutual Help ◽  
Post War

This article examines the response of the Soviet mathematical community to the geographical restrictions, physical barriers, political and administrative pressures, and conceptual constraints that they faced from the 1950s through the 1980s. Many talented mathematicians with “undesirable” ethnic or political backgrounds encountered discrimination in admission to universities, employment, travel to conferences abroad, etc. The mathematical community in response created a parallel social infrastructure, which attracted young talent and provided support and motivation for researchers excluded from official institutions. That infrastructure included a network of study groups (“math circles”), correspondence courses, math competitions, specialized mathematical schools, free evening courses for students barred from top universities, pure math departments within applied mathematics institutions, and a network of open research seminars. A community emerged in which mathematics became a way of life, work and leisure converged, and research activity migrated from restrictive official institutions to the private spaces of family apartments or dachas. In the informal community of Soviet mathematicians, a specific “moral economy” operated, which relied on a network of friendly connections and on an exchange of favors. The various external constraints further strengthened personal ties, encouraged mutual help, and fostered close friendships in the community. Although excluded from elite privileges, the “parallel world” of Soviet mathematics cultivated an ethos of noble rejection of career ambitions, material rewards and official recognition in order to pursue the highest ideals of mathematical truth. This way of life, which opposed the bureaucratic spirit of official institutions, was often perceived by its participants as a “mathematical paradise.”

Re-inventing the ‘moral economy’ in post-war Britain

2011 ◽  
Vol 84 (224) ◽  
pp. 356-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Tomlinson
Keyword(s):  
Moral Economy ◽  
Post War
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