CEREBRAL VENOUS THROMBOSIS AND ACQUIRED PROTEIN S DEFICIENCY: AN UNCOMMON CAUSE OF HEADACHE IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS

Rheumatology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 572-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. LAVERSUCH ◽  
M. M. BROWN ◽  
A. CLIFTON ◽  
B. E. BOURKE
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Protein S Deficiency ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
S Deficiency

Free Protein S Deficiency May Be Found in Patients with Antiphospholipid Antibodies who Do not Have Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (05) ◽  
pp. 689-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Crowther ◽  
M Johnston ◽  
J Weitz ◽  
J S Ginsberg
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Antiphospholipid Antibodies ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Antiphospholipid Antibody ◽  
Protein S Deficiency ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Free Protein ◽  
S Deficiency ◽  
History Of

SummaryIn order to determine if there is a relationship between antiphospholipid antibodies and reduced free protein S levels, we evaluated 21 patients who had an antiphospholipid antibody but had neither a history of venous thromboembolism nor systemic lupus erythematosus (cases) and 55 matched controls, who did not have an antiphospholipid antibody, a history of thrombosis or systemic lupus erythematosus. Cases and controls had similar protein C and antithrombin levels. Six of 21 cases had reduced free protein S antigen levels, compared to 5 of 55 controls (x 2 = 5.823 p <0.025). In addition, the mean free protein S level was significantly lower in cases than in controls (0.30 ± 0.09 units vs 0.39 ± 0.13 units, p <0.01, two-tailed Student’s t-test). We conclude that antiphospholipid antibodies are associated with a significant decrease in free protein S levels, and that this acquired free protein S deficiency may contribute to the thrombotic diathesis seen in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies.

Protein S deficiency revealed by skin necrosis in a patient with lupus

Lupus ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 903-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Plana-Pla ◽  
I Bielsa Marsol ◽  
C Ferrandiz Foraster
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Arterial Thrombosis ◽  
Skin Necrosis ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Protein S Deficiency ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Skin Ulcers ◽  
S Deficiency

Protein S deficiency is rare in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and is generally associated with the presence of antiphospholipid (APL) antibodies. Lack of protein S can cause skin necrosis, but when it does it is generally in response to warfarin exposure. In this article, we describe the case of a patient who had not received warfarin and without APL antibodies who developed extensive skin necrosis due to protein S deficiency. It is important to investigate protein S deficiency in patients with lupus and extensive skin ulcers as it is a sign of arterial thrombosis and venous thromboembolism.

Cerebral venous thrombosis in young adult with familial protein S deficiency

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franciele M. Amaral ◽  
Caroline Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
Michelle G. Borém ◽  
Ana L. Miranda-Vilela
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Protein S Deficiency ◽  
S Deficiency
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