scholarly journals The thing that should not be: predictive coding and the uncanny valley in perceiving human and humanoid robot actions

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Pinar Saygin ◽  
Thierry Chaminade ◽  
Hiroshi Ishiguro ◽  
Jon Driver ◽  
Chris Frith
Keyword(s):  
Humanoid Robot ◽  
Predictive Coding ◽  
Uncanny Valley ◽  
The Uncanny

The Predictive Coding Account of the Uncanny Valley: Evidence From Event-Related Brain Potentials

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burcu Aysen Urgen ◽  
Alvin Li ◽  
Chris Berka ◽  
Marta Kutas ◽  
Ayse P. Saygin
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Coding ◽  
Uncanny Valley ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
The Uncanny

The Uncanny Valley: Effect of Realism on the Impression of Artificial Human Faces

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun'ichiro Seyama ◽  
Ruth S. Nagayama
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Computer Graphics ◽  
Humanoid Robot ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Uncanny Valley ◽  
The Uncanny ◽  
Human Faces ◽  
Facial Images

Roboticists believe that people will have an unpleasant impression of a humanoid robot that has an almost, but not perfectly, realistic human appearance. This is called the uncanny valley, and is not limited to robots, but is also applicable to any type of human-like object, such as dolls, masks, facial caricatures, avatars in virtual reality, and characters in computer graphics movies. The present study investigated the uncanny valley by measuring observers' impressions of facial images whose degree of realism was manipulated by morphing between artificial and real human faces. Facial images yielded the most unpleasant impressions when they were highly realistic, supporting the hypothesis of the uncanny valley. However, the uncanny valley was confirmed only when morphed faces had abnormal features such as bizarre eyes. These results suggest that to have an almost perfectly realistic human appearance is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for the uncanny valley. The uncanny valley emerges only when there is also an abnormal feature.

scholarly journals A Non-Humanoid Robot in the “Uncanny Valley”: Experimental Analysis of the Reaction to Behavioral Contingency in 2–3 Year Old Children

PLoS ONE ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. e6974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kentaro Yamamoto ◽  
Saori Tanaka ◽  
Hiromi Kobayashi ◽  
Hideki Kozima ◽  
Kazuhide Hashiya
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Humanoid Robot ◽  
Uncanny Valley ◽  
The Uncanny

Trading faces: Complete AI face doubles avoid the uncanny valley

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Welker ◽  
David France ◽  
Alice Henty ◽  
Thalia Wheatley
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Uncanny Valley ◽  
Torture Survivors ◽  
The Uncanny ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Full Face ◽  
The Impact

Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) enable the creation of videos in which a person appears to say or do things they did not. The impact of these so-called “deepfakes” hinges on their perceived realness. Here we tested different versions of deepfake faces for Welcome to Chechnya, a documentary that used face swaps to protect the privacy of Chechen torture survivors who were persecuted because of their sexual orientation. AI face swaps that replace an entire face with another were perceived as more human-like and less unsettling compared to partial face swaps that left the survivors’ original eyes unaltered. The full-face swap was deemed the least unsettling even in comparison to the original (unaltered) face. When rendered in full, AI face swaps can appear human and avoid aversive responses in the viewer associated with the uncanny valley.

The Uncanny Valley

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessy Rose Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Uncanny Valley ◽  
The Uncanny

Eliza in the uncanny valley: anthropomorphizing consumer robots increases their perceived warmth but decreases liking

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seo Young Kim ◽  
Bernd H. Schmitt ◽  
Nadia M. Thalmann
Keyword(s):  
Uncanny Valley ◽  
The Uncanny

scholarly journals Sending an Avatar to Do a Human's Job: Compliance with Authority Persists Despite the Uncanny Valley

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Himalaya Patel ◽  
Karl F. MacDorman
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Dilemma ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Uncanny Valley ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Computer Interfaces ◽  
The Uncanny ◽  
Authority Figure ◽  
Human Likeness ◽  
Motion Quality

Just as physical appearance affects social influence in human communication, it may also affect the processing of advice conveyed through avatars, computer-animated characters, and other human-like interfaces. Although the most persuasive computer interfaces are often the most human-like, they have been predicted to incur the greatest risk of falling into the uncanny valley, the loss of empathy attributed to characters that appear eerily human. Previous studies compared interfaces on the left side of the uncanny valley, namely, those with low human likeness. To examine interfaces with higher human realism, a between-groups factorial experiment was conducted through the internet with 426 midwestern U.S. undergraduates. This experiment presented a hypothetical ethical dilemma followed by the advice of an authority figure. The authority was manipulated in three ways: depiction (digitally recorded or computer animated), motion quality (smooth or jerky), and advice (disclose or refrain from disclosing sensitive information). Of these, only the advice changed opinion about the ethical dilemma, even though the animated depiction was significantly eerier than the human depiction. These results indicate that compliance with an authority persists even when using an uncannily realistic computer-animated double.

Empirical evaluation of the uncanny valley hypothesis fails to confirm the predicted effect of motion

Cognition ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukasz Piwek ◽  
Lawrie S. McKay ◽  
Frank E. Pollick
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Uncanny Valley ◽  
The Uncanny
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