scholarly journals First Report of the Head Smut Fungus Tilletia maclaganii Affecting Switchgrass in Texas

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 578 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Kenaley ◽  
G. C. Bergstrom ◽  
Z. K. Montes Ortiz ◽  
A. Van Wallendael ◽  
D. B. Lowry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smut Fungus ◽  
Head Smut ◽  
First Report

scholarly journals First Report of the Head Smut Fungus Tilletia maclaganii Infecting Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) in Indiana

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 2135
Author(s):  
G. E. Ruhl ◽  
T. Creswell ◽  
E. M. Karlsen-Ayala ◽  
B. Stefancik ◽  
K. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panicum Virgatum ◽  
Smut Fungus ◽  
Head Smut ◽  
First Report

scholarly journals First Report of Guinea Grass Smut Caused by Conidiosporomyces ayresii in Japan

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tsukiboshi ◽  
M. Ebina ◽  
I. Okabe ◽  
K. Sugawara ◽  
K. Kouki
Keyword(s):  
28S Rdna ◽  
Smut Fungus ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Single Spore ◽  
First Report ◽  
Perennial Plant ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Guinea Grass ◽  
28S Rdna Sequence

Guinea grass (Panicum maximum Jacq.) is an important C-4 perennial plant that grows in southern Japan. In March 2010, a smut disease was found in grass that is cultivated in the Ishigaki Islands, Okinawa, in southernmost Japan. Spikelets of susceptible cultivars were swollen and filled with gray spore masses and seed production was substantially reduced. Two single-spore isolates of a smut fungus were obtained from infected spikelets and deposited at the NIAS Genebank, Japan as MAFF511519 and 511520. The 28S rDNA sequences of the isolates were analyzed as described by Boekhout et al. (1). The 28S rDNA sequence (GenBank Accession No. AB647346) of isolate MAFF511519 matched that of Conidiosporomyces ayresii (GenBank Accession No. AY819017) isolated from P. maximum with 99.8% similarity. Spores were pale brown to brown, globose to subglobose, verrucose, and 14 to 16 × 15 to 18 μm in diameter with relatively thick walls of 2 to 3 μm. With scanning electron microscopy, warts appeared dense and short with pointed tips. Spores germinated under wet conditions and produced masses of basidiospores. Basidiospores were aseptate, long, cylindrical, straight to slightly curved, 20 to 37 × 2 to 3 μm, and often germinated into Y-shaped conidia. This description matches previous descriptions (3) of C. ayresii (Berk.) Vánky (Tilletia ayresii Berk.) of the smut pathogen of guinea grass (2). The smut fungus was identified as C. ayresii on the basis of morphology and molecular phylogenetic analysis. To produce inoculum, the isolates were grown on potato dextrose agar at 25°C in the dark for 7 days. Two plants of cv. Ryukyu 5-gou with half-flowering heads were grown in a greenhouse for approximately 1 month and then inoculated by atomizing them with conidial suspensions of each isolate (106 conidia/ml). A plant sprayed with sterilized distilled water served as the control. Inoculated heads were covered with plastic bags for 48 h at 25°C. After 30 days, all inoculated plants were symptomatic with swollen spikelets releasing gray spores. Controls remained asymptomatic. The smut fungus was reisolated from released gray spores, confirming Koch's postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of smut caused by C. ayresii on guinea grass in Japan. References: (1) T. Boekhout et al. Stud. Mycol. 38:175, 1995. (2) J. M. Lenné and P. Trutmann. Diseases of Tropical Pasture Plants. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 1994. (3) K. Vánky and R. Bauer. Mycotaxon 43:427, 1992.

scholarly journals First Report of the Smut Fungus Ustilago sieglingiae on Purple Sandgrass (Triplasis purpurea) from Indiana

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 536-536
Author(s):  
M. Abbasi ◽  
M. C. Aime ◽  
G. E. Ruhl ◽  
T. C. Creswell
Keyword(s):  
Smut Fungus ◽  
First Report

scholarly journals First Report of Smut on Imperata cylindrica Caused by Sporisorium schweinfurthianum in South Africa

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Wood ◽  
A. den Breeÿen ◽  
F. Beed
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Smut Fungus ◽  
Voucher Specimen ◽  
First Report

Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. (Poaceae) is indigenous to the old world but is a problem weed in tropical areas throughout the world (1). A smut fungus was observed frequently on this grass at a single site near Pretoria (25°44′19″S, 28°15′39″E), South Africa during April of 2006. On the basis of the following characteristics, it was identified as Sporisorium schweinfurthianum (Thüm.) K. Vánky (2). Panicles were systemically infected and all ovaries in infected inflorescences were replaced by spores. Spores were globose or subglobose, brown, 10 to 14 × 9 to 12 μm (average 11.2 × 9.8 μm; n = 25), wall 1 μm thick, and finely verruculose. Hyaline, thin-walled sterile cells were present. This identification was confirmed by K. Vánky (personal communication to A. R. Wood). To our knowledge, this is the first report of this smut species from southern Africa. A voucher specimen has been deposited in the South African National Collection of Fungi, ARC-Plant Protection Research Institute (PREM 59895). To test pathogenicity, soil in 15 pots with individual 1-month-old seedlings was drenched with an aqueous suspension of 1 × 108 spores ml–1 amended with 0.1% Tween 80. Before treatment, the pots were placed on pot trays and remained immersed in the spore suspension in the trays at 28°C (relative humidity <80%) for 24 h. To maintain the spore concentration in the soil, the pots were not watered until 7 days after inoculation. Distilled water amended with 0.1% Tween 80 was applied as control treatments to a further 15 pots with plants. Five of the treated plants produced panicles within 4 months of inoculation. Of these, all the ovaries of four emerging inflorescences were completely replaced with a brown, powdery mass of teliospores. No smutted panicles developed on the control plants. This smut fungus may have potential as a classical biological control agent for use against I. cylindrica by reducing dispersal by seed. References: (1) L. G. Holm et al. The World's Worst Weeds: Distribution and Biology. University Press of Hawaii. Honolulu, 1977. (2) K. Vánky. Australas. Plant Pathol. 29:155, 2000.

A fossil Aspergillus from Eocene Dominican amber

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (01) ◽  
pp. 141-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard M. Thomas ◽  
George O. Poinar
Keyword(s):  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
First Report ◽  
Dominican Amber ◽  
Eocene Amber

A sporulating Aspergillus is described from a piece of Eocene amber originating from the Dominican Republic. The Aspergillus most closely resembles a form of the white spored phase of Aspergillus janus Raper and Thom. This is the first report of a fossil species of Aspergillus.

1392: First Report of a New Transurethral Detaching Prostatectomy of the Prostate (TUDP)

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 377-378
Author(s):  
Yasunori Hiraoka ◽  
Kazuhiko Yamada ◽  
Yuji Shimizu ◽  
Hiroyuki Abe
Keyword(s):  
First Report
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