Single-breath Vital Capacity Rapid Inhalation Induction in Children 

1998 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross C. Agnor ◽  
Nancy Sikich ◽  
Jerrold Lerman
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Involuntary Movement ◽  
Halothane Anesthesia ◽  
Inhalation Induction ◽  
Reflex Responses ◽  
Single Breath ◽  
Airway Reflex ◽  
The Times ◽  
Informed Parental Consent

Background The authors compared the speed of induction of anesthesia with sevoflurane with and without nitrous oxide with the speed of halothane and nitrous oxide using a single-breath vital capacity induction. Methods With informed parental consent, 51 healthy unpremedicated children aged 5-12 yr were randomized to inhale a single breath of one of three gas mixtures: 8% sevoflurane in 66% nitrous oxide, 8% sevoflurane in oxygen, or 5% halothane in 66% nitrous oxide. A blinded observer recorded the times to loss of the eyelash reflex, return of conjugate gaze, the presence of airway reflex responses, involuntary movement, and hemodynamic responses. Results Forty-two children completed the study. The times (mean +/- SD) to loss of the eyelash reflex with sevoflurane/nitrous oxide, 38+/-8 s, and for sevoflurane-oxygen, 34+/-12 s, were less than that with halothane-nitrous oxide, 58+/-17 s (P < 0.01). Movement occurred less frequently during sevoflurane than during halothane anesthesia (P < 0.05). The times to return of conjugate gaze and the incidence of airway reflex responses were similar among the groups. The incidence of dysrhythmias in the sevoflurane groups was less than that in the halothane group (P < 0.01). Conclusions Induction of anesthesia with a single breath of 8% sevoflurane with or without 66% nitrous oxide is more rapid than with 5% inspired halothane with 66% nitrous oxide in children. The incidence of movement and dysrhythmias during a single-breath induction with sevoflurane are less than they are with halothane.

scholarly journals Inhalation induction using sevoflurane in children: the single-breath vital capacity technique compared to the tidal volume technique*

Anaesthesia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 535-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lejus ◽  
V. Bazin ◽  
M. Fernandez ◽  
J. M. Nguyen ◽  
A. Radosevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Inhalation Induction ◽  
Single Breath

scholarly journals Comparison of the Single Breath Vital Capacity Technique with the Tidal Volume Technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
Jeevan Singh ◽  
Alex Tandukar ◽  
Kalpana Kharbuja
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Laryngeal Mask Airway Insertion ◽  
Inhalation Induction ◽  
Single Breath ◽  
Induction Technique ◽  
Haemodynamic Changes ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Induction Of Anaesthesia ◽  
Tidal Volume Breathing

Introduction: The single breath vital capacity (VC) induction and the tidal volume (TV) breathing induction are currently administered for inhalation of anaesthesia with sevoflurane in children. The aim of this study was to determine whether the vital capacity technique achieves more rapid induction of anaesthesia in children compared to the conventional tidal volume technique. Material and Methods: Sixty ASA physical status 1 or 2 children aged between 5 and 15 years, scheduled to undergo elective urological, orthopaedic or visceral surgery under general anaesthesia using inhalational induction with sevoflurane were recruited and randomized to receive either vital capacity induction or tidal volume induction with 8% sevoflurane at 6L/min of O2 followed by laryngeal mask airway insertion or endotracheal intubation with endotracheal tube. Time required for induction, hemodynamic changes, airway tolerance, side-effects, level of satisfaction using a visual analogue scale (0-100) and Smiley scale (0-10) were documented. Results: Induction time was significantly shorter with the vital capacity induction technique than with the tidal volume breathing induction technique (43.8 ± 13.4 seconds vs 70.8 ± 16.4 seconds; P<0.01). The time to central myosis, haemodynamic changes and respiratory events incidences were similar in both the group. Fewer complications occurred with vital capacity group. More than 94% of the children choose the single Breath Vital Capacity method of induction to the tidal volume technique. Conclusion: For inhalation induction of anaesthesia, the vital capacity induction was faster and produced less complication than that of tidal volume breathing technique.  

Single-breath vital capacity rapid inhalation induction with sevoflurane: feasibility in children

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
MODESTO FERNANDEZ ◽  
CORINNE LEJUS ◽  
OLIVIER RIVAULT ◽  
VERONIQUE BAZIN ◽  
CORINNE LE ROUX ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Inhalation Induction ◽  
Single Breath

The effect of conductive ventilation heterogeneity on diffusing capacity measurement

2008 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 1094-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Verbanck ◽  
Daniel Schuermans ◽  
Sophie Van Malderen ◽  
Walter Vincken ◽  
Bruce Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Experimental Situation ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Capacity Measurement ◽  
Alveolar Volume ◽  
Estimation Errors ◽  
Single Breath ◽  
Ventilation Heterogeneity

It has long been assumed that the ventilation heterogeneity associated with lung disease could, in itself, affect the measurement of carbon monoxide transfer factor. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential estimation errors of carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DlCO) measurement that are specifically due to conductive ventilation heterogeneity, i.e., due to a combination of ventilation heterogeneity and flow asynchrony between lung units larger than acini. We induced conductive airway ventilation heterogeneity in 35 never-smoker normal subjects by histamine provocation and related the resulting changes in conductive ventilation heterogeneity (derived from the multiple-breath washout test) to corresponding changes in diffusing capacity, alveolar volume, and inspired vital capacity (derived from the single-breath DlCO method). Average conductive ventilation heterogeneity doubled ( P < 0.001), whereas DlCO decreased by 6% ( P < 0.001), with no correlation between individual data ( P > 0.1). Average inspired vital capacity and alveolar volume both decreased significantly by, respectively, 6 and 3%, and the individual changes in alveolar volume and in conductive ventilation heterogeneity were correlated ( r = −0.46; P = 0.006). These findings can be brought in agreement with recent modeling work, where specific ventilation heterogeneity resulting from different distributions of either inspired volume or end-expiratory lung volume have been shown to affect DlCO estimation errors in opposite ways. Even in the presence of flow asynchrony, these errors appear to largely cancel out in our experimental situation of histamine-induced conductive ventilation heterogeneity. Finally, we also predicted which alternative combination of specific ventilation heterogeneity and flow asynchrony could affect DlCO estimate in a more substantial fashion in diseased lungs, irrespective of any diffusion-dependent effects.

Assessment of cardiorespiratory function using oscillating inert gas forcing signals

1994 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 2130-2139 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Williams ◽  
J. B. Aspel ◽  
S. M. Burrough ◽  
W. A. Ryder ◽  
M. C. Sainsbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Dead Space ◽  
Confidence Limit ◽  
Pulmonary Blood Flow ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Alveolar Volume ◽  
Single Breath ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Function ◽  
Airway Dead Space

A theoretical model (Hahn et al. J. Appl. Physiol. 75: 1863–1876, 1993) predicts that the amplitudes of the argon and nitrous oxide inspired, end-expired, and mixed expired sinusoids at forcing periods in the range of 2–3 min (frequency 0.3–0.5 min-1) can be used directly to measure airway dead space, lung alveolar volume, and pulmonary blood flow. We tested the ability of this procedure to measure these parameters continuously by feeding monosinusoidal argon and nitrous oxide forcing signals (6 +/- 4% vol/vol) into the inspired airstream of nine anesthetized ventilated dogs. Close agreement was found between single-breath and sinusoid airway dead space measurements (mean difference 15 +/- 6%, 95% confidence limit), N2 washout and sinusoid alveolar volume (mean difference 4 +/- 6%, 95% confidence limit), and thermal dilution and sinusoid pulmonary blood flow (mean difference 12 +/- 11%, 95% confidence limit). The application of 1 kPa positive end-expiratory pressure increased airway dead space by 12% and alveolar volume from 0.8 to 1.1 liters but did not alter pulmonary blood flow, as measured by both the sinusoid and comparator techniques. Our findings show that the noninvasive sinusoid technique can be used to measure cardiorespiratory lung function and allows changes in function to be resolved in 2 min.

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