diffusing capacity
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

1230
(FIVE YEARS 135)

H-INDEX

62
(FIVE YEARS 3)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Mustra Rakic ◽  
Siyang Zeng ◽  
Linnea Rohdin-Bibby ◽  
Erin L Van Blarigan ◽  
Xingjian Liu ◽  
...  

Background- Prolonged past exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) in never-smokers is associated with occult obstructive lung disease and abnormal lung function, in particular reduced diffusing capacity. Previous studies have shown ongoing SHS exposure to be associated with increased elastin degradation markers (EDM) desmosine and isodesmosine. Research Question- Are EDM levels elevated in persons with remote history of SHS exposure, and are those levels associated with reduced lung function? Study Design and Methods- We measured the plasma levels of EDM from 193 never-smoking flight attendants with history of remote but prolonged SHS exposure in aircraft cabin and 103 nonsmoking flight attendants or sea-level control participants without history of cabin SHS exposure, and examined those levels versus their lung function with adjustment for covariates. The cabin SHS exposure was estimated based on airline employment history and dates of smoking ban enactment. EDM plasma levels were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Results- The median [interquartile range; IQR] plasma EDM level for all participants was 0.30 [0.24 to 0.36] ng/mL with a total range of 0.16 to 0.65 ng/mL. Plasma EDM levels were elevated in those with history of exposure to cabin SHS compared to those not exposed (0.33±0.08 vs. 0.26±0.06 ng/mL; age- and sex-adjusted P<0.001). In those with history of cabin SHS-exposure, higher EDM levels were associated with lower diffusing capacity (parameter estimate (PE) [95%CI]=4.2 [0.4 to 8.0] %predicted decrease per 0.1 ng/mL increase in EDM; P=0.030). Furthermore, EDM levels were inversely associated with FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and FEF25-75 (PE [95%CI]=5.8 [2.1 to 9.4], 4.0 [2.2 to 5.7], and 12.5 [5.8 to 19.2]% predicted decrease per 0.1 ng/mL increase in EDM, respectively) (P<0.001).


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Qin Luo ◽  
Qing Zhao ◽  
Qixian Zeng ◽  
...  

Background: The hemodynamic results of balloon pulmonary angioplasty vary among patients with inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Previous studies revealed that microvasculopathy accounted for residual pulmonary hypertension after pulmonary endarterectomy, which could be reflected by the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO). We aimed to identify whether the DLCO could predict the BPA response.Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 75 consecutive patients with inoperable CTEPH who underwent BPA from May 2018 to January 2021 at Fuwai Hospital. According to the hemodynamics at follow-up after the last BPA, patients were classified as “BPA responders” (defined as a mean pulmonary arterial pressure ≤ 30 mmHg and/or a reduction of pulmonary vascular resistance ≥ 30%) or “BPA nonresponders.”Results: At the baseline, BPA responders had significantly higher DLCO values than nonresponders, although the other variables were comparable. In BPA responders, the DLCO decreased after the first BPA session and then returned to a level similar to the baseline at follow-up. Conversely, the DLCO increased constantly from the baseline to follow-up in nonresponders. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that a baseline DLCO of &lt;70% and a percent change in DLCO between the baseline and the period within 7 days after the first BPA session (ΔDLCO) of &gt; 6% were both independent predictors of an unfavorable response to BPA. Receiver operator characteristic analysis showed that the combination of a baseline DLCO &lt; 70% and ΔDLCO &gt; 6% demonstrated a better area under the curve than either of these two variables used alone.Conclusions: A baseline DLCO &lt; 70% and ΔDLCO &gt; 6% could independently predict unfavorable responses to BPA. Measuring the DLCO dynamically facilitates the identification of patients who might have unsatisfactory hemodynamic results after BPA.


Author(s):  
Rim Dridi ◽  
Nadia Dridi ◽  
Karuppasamy Govindasamy ◽  
Nabil Gmada ◽  
Ridha Aouadi ◽  
...  

This study compared the effects of varying aerobic training programs on pulmonary diffusing capacity (TLCO), pulmonary diffusing capacity for nitric oxide (TLNO), lung capillary blood volume (Vc) and alveolar–capillary membrane diffusing capacity (DM) of gases at rest and just after maximal exercise in young athletes. Sixteen healthy young runners (16–18 years) were randomly assigned to an intense endurance training program (IET, n = 8) or to a moderate endurance training program (MET, n = 8). The training volume was similar in IET and MET but with different work intensities, and each lasted for 8 weeks. Participants performed a maximal graded cycle bicycle ergometer test to measure maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and maximal aerobic power (MAP) before and after the training programs. Moreover, TLCO, TLNO and Vc were measured during a single breath maneuver. After eight weeks of training, all pulmonary parameters with the exception of alveolar volume (VA) and inspiratory volume (VI) (0.104 < p < 0889; 0.001 < ES < 0.091), measured at rest and at the end of maximal exercise, showed significant group × time interactions (p < 0.05, 0.2 < ES < 4.0). Post hoc analyses revealed significant pre-to-post decreases for maximal heart rates (p < 0.0001, ES = 3.1) and improvements for VO2max (p = 0.006, ES = 2.22) in the IET group. Moreover, post hoc analyses revealed significant pre-to-post improvements in the IET for DM, TLNO, TLCO and Vc (0.001 < p < 0.0022; 2.68 < ES < 6.45). In addition, there were increases in Vc at rest, VO2max, TLNO and DM in the IET but not in the MET participants after eight weeks of training with varying exercise intensities. Our findings suggest that the intensity of training may represent the most important factor in increasing pulmonary vascular function in young athletes.


2021 ◽  
pp. 2004103
Author(s):  
Emma Satrell ◽  
Hege Clemm ◽  
Ola Røksund ◽  
Karl Ove Hufthammer ◽  
Einar Thorsen ◽  
...  

BackgroundGas exchange in extremely preterm (EP) infants must take place in foetal lungs. Childhood lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) is reduced; however, longitudinal development has not been investigated. We describe growth of DLCO and its sub-components to adulthood in EP-born compared to term-born subjects.MethodsTwo area-based cohorts born at gestational age ≤28 weeks or birth weight ≤1000 grams in 1982–1985 (n=48) and 1991–1992 (n=35) were examined twice, at ages 18 and 25, and 10 and 18 years, respectively, and compared to matched term-born controls. Single-breath DLCO was measured at two oxygen pressures, with sub-components [membrane diffusion (DM) and pulmonary capillary blood volume (VC)] calculated using the Roughton–Forster equation.ResultsAge-, sex- and height-standardized transfer coefficients for carbon monoxide (KCO), and DLCO were reduced in EP-born compared to term-born and remained so during puberty and early adulthood (p-values for all time points and both cohorts ≤0.04), whereas alveolar volume was similar. Development occurred in parallel to term-born controls, with no signs of pubertal catch-up growth nor decline at 25 years (p-values for lack of parallelism within cohorts 0.99, 0.65, 0.71, 0.94, and 0.44 for z-DLCO, z-VA, z-KCO, DM, and VC, respectively). Split by membrane and blood volume components, findings were less clear; however, membrane diffusion seemed most affected.ConclusionPulmonary diffusing capacity was reduced in EP-born compared to term-born, and development from childhood to adulthood tracked in parallel to term-born, with no signs of catch-up growth nor decline at age 25.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Guo ◽  
Fangfang Jiang ◽  
Yufei Liu ◽  
Yunpeng Zhao ◽  
Yiran Li ◽  
...  

Background: To determine the respiratory outcomes in patients following COVID-19-related hospitalization.Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature.Results: Forced vital capacity (FVC, % of predicted): 0–3 months post discharge: 96.1, 95% CI [82.1–110.0]; 3–6 months post discharge: 99.9, 95% CI [84.8, 115.0]; &gt;6 months post discharge: 97.4, 95% CI [76.8–118.0]. Diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO, % of predicted): 0–3 months post discharge: 83.9, 95% CI [68.9–98.9]; 3–6 months post discharge: 91.2, 95% CI [74.8–107.7]; &gt;6 months post discharge: 97.3, 95% CI [76.7–117.9]. Percentage of patients with FVC less than 80% of predicted: 0–3 months post discharge: 10%, 95% CI [6–14%]; 3–6 months post discharge: 10%, 95% CI [2–18%]; &gt;6 months post discharge: 13%, 95% CI [8–18%]. Percentage of patients with DLCO less than 80% of predicted: 0–3 months post discharge: 48%, 95% CI [41–56%]; 3–6 months post discharge: 33%, 95% CI [23–44%]; &gt;6 months post discharge: 43%, 95% CI [22–65%].Conclusion: The meta-analysis confirms a high prevalence of persistent lung diffusion impairment in patients following COVID-19-related hospitalization. Routine respiratory follow-up is thus strongly recommended.


Respiration ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Stéphane Jouneau ◽  
Bruno Crestani ◽  
Ronan Thibault ◽  
Mathieu Lederlin ◽  
Laurent Vernhet ◽  
...  

Background: Weight loss is frequently reported in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and may be associated with worse outcomes in these patients. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between body mass index (BMI) and weight loss, and outcomes over 1 year in patients with IPF. Methods: Data were included from placebo patients enrolled in ASCEND (NCT01366209) and CAPACITY (NCT00287716 and NCT00287729), and all patients in INSPIRE (NCT00075998) and RIFF Cohort A (NCT01872689). An additional analysis included data from pirfenidone-treated patients. Outcomes (annualized change in percent predicted forced vital capacity [%FVC], percent predicted carbon monoxide diffusing capacity, 6-min walk distance, St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire total score, hospitalization, mortality, and serious adverse events) were analyzed by baseline BMI (<25 kg/m2, 25 kg/m2–<30 kg/m2, or ≥30 kg/m2) and annualized percent change in body weight (no loss, >0–<5% loss, or ≥5% loss). Results: Placebo-treated patients with a baseline BMI <25 kg/m2 or annualized weight loss may experience worse outcomes versus those with a baseline BMI ≥25 kg/m2 or no weight loss. The proportion of placebo-treated patients who experienced a relative decline of ≥10% in %FVC or death up to 1 year post-randomization was highest in patients with a baseline BMI <25 kg/m2. Pirfenidone-treated patients with an annualized weight loss ≥5% may also experience worse outcomes versus those with no weight loss. Conclusions: Patients with a baseline BMI <25 kg/m2 or annualized weight loss of >0–<5% or ≥5% may experience worse outcomes over 1 year versus those with a baseline BMI ≥25 kg/m2 or no weight loss.


Thorax ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. thoraxjnl-2020-216797
Author(s):  
Raúl Méndez ◽  
Paula González-Jiménez ◽  
Ana Latorre ◽  
Mónica Piqueras ◽  
Leyre Bouzas ◽  
...  

Endothelial injury is related to poor outcomes in respiratory infections yet little is known in relation to COVID-19. Performing a longitudinal analysis (on emergency department admission and post-hospitalisation follow-up), we evaluated endothelial damage via surrogate systemic endothelial biomarkers, that is, proadrenomedullin (proADM) and proendothelin, in patients with COVID-19. Higher proADM and/or proendothelin levels at baseline were associated with the most severe episodes and intensive care unit admission when compared with ward-admitted individuals and outpatients. Elevated levels of proADM or proendothelin at day 1 were associated with in-hospital mortality. High levels maintained after discharge were associated with reduced diffusing capacity.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. e245726
Author(s):  
Theodoros Karampitsakos ◽  
Ourania Papaioannou ◽  
Fotios Sampsonas ◽  
Argyrios Tzouvelekis

A 70-year-old man was referred to our respiratory department with non-productive cough over the past 6 months. High-resolution CT revealed reticular pattern with basal and peripheral predominance, centrilobular nodules and mild ground glass opacities. Serology tests were normal and bronchoalveolar lavage revealed lymphocytosis. Pulmonary function tests showed functional impairment and reduced diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide. Meticulous evaluation of patient’s medical history unveiled longitudinal administration of infliximab due to diagnosis of psoriasis. The working diagnosis of drug-induced interstitial lung disease was proposed following multidisciplinary discussion. Considerable radiological and functional improvement was determined 6 months following infliximab discontinuation without implementation of corticosteroids. To this end, the patient has reported remission of cough and functional improvement.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document