scholarly journals Does Intravenous versus Inhalational Induction of Anesthesia Only Decrease Perioperative Respiratory Events during the Induction Period?

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 510-510
Author(s):  
Thanh T. Nguyen ◽  
Humphrey V. Lam ◽  
Thomas M. Austin
Keyword(s):  
Induction Period ◽  
Inhalational Induction ◽  
Respiratory Events

A Comparison of Sevoflurane with Halothane for Paediatric Day Case Surgery

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 643-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Walker ◽  
R. D. Haugen ◽  
A. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Study ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Day Case ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Day Case Surgery ◽  
Inhalational Induction ◽  
Rapid Induction ◽  
Respiratory Events ◽  
Case Surgery

A phase III, open label, randomized study was conducted in 50 patients comparing halothane and sevoflurane for paediatric day case surgery. A graded inhalational induction resulted in only slightly more rapid induction with sevoflurane (3.34±0.92 versus 3.85±1.02 minutes; P>0.05). In children receiving sevoflurane, systolic blood pressure decreased to a lesser extent during induction (14.3±19.2 versus 26.9±10.9 percent decrease from resting values; P<0.01) and heart rate was maintained. Respiratory events (coughing, breath-holding, bronchospasm, laryngospasm) were more common during induction with halothane, and excitement more common in children receiving sevoflurane. Emergence times were significantly more rapid in children who had received sevoflurane (21.4±10.9 versus 33.1 ±13.7 minutes; P<0.01). Objective pain/discomfort scores were higher in patients receiving sevoflurane at 10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes after arrival in the recovery room, and the incidence of excitement during emergence was higher in this group. It is concluded that sevoflurane is well tolerated for inhalational induction and has an improved cardiovascular profile compared to halothane. Emergence was significantly more rapid following sevoflurane.

scholarly journals Induction characteristic of general anaesthesia in children- a comparative study between sevoflurane and halothane

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
MM A Wadud ◽  
AK Khan ◽  
Md A Hasanat ◽  
MA Samad ◽  
Md M Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Induction Period ◽  
Induction Time ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Paediatric Anaesthesia ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Inhalational Induction ◽  
Sevoflurane Group ◽  
Induction Of Anaesthesia

Background Inhalational induction of anaesthesia remains of fundamental technique in paediatric anaesthesia. Halothane used most frequently for inhalational induction in children. Halothane is not an ideal induction agent because of its potential to cause bradycardia, hypotension and ventricular ectopy. The pleasant nonpungent order of sevoflurane, faster induction of anaesthesia and stable vital signs during induction suggest that it may be a suitable alternative to halothane for use in paediatric anaesthesia. Objectives The aim of study is to compare the induction time and haemodynamic response during induction of sevoflurane and halothane. Methods A total number of 60 patients, age within 1-12 years (ASA grade I & II) were selected randomly into two groups, thirty in each group. Group A induction was done by halothane and Group B induction was done by sevoflurane. Anaesthesia was induced with 60% N2O and 40% O2 and starting inspired concentration of halothane was 1% or sevoflurane was 2% followed by stepwise increases in the inspired concentrations of either sevoflurane (1.5-2% increments) or halothane (0.5-1% increments) every three to four breath until the patients no longer blinked in response to touching the eye lashes. Arterial pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation (SPO2) were recorded every minute for 3 minutes during induction and induction time was recorded. Results Induction time was significantly shorter in the sevoflurane group compared to the halothane group (P < 0.001). In haemodynamic profile heart rate and mean arterial pressure were significantly reduced in halothane group while no significant changes were observed in sevoflurane group during induction period (P < 0.001). Conclusion The study concludes that induction of anaesthesia was faster with sevoflurane than halothane. Vital signs were stable with sevoflurane during induction period. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsa.v24i1.19794 Journal of Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists 2011; 24(1): 13-17

Fibrin Formation: The Role of the Fibrinogen-Fibrin Monomer Complex

1976 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 037-048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric P. Brass ◽  
Walter B. Forman ◽  
Robert V. Edwards ◽  
Olgierd Lindan
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Induction Period ◽  
Fibrin Clot ◽  
Clot Formation ◽  
Appreciable Amount ◽  
Buffer System ◽  
Homeostatic Mechanism ◽  
Fibrin Formation ◽  
Fibrin Monomer

SummaryThe process of fibrin formation using highly purified fibrinogen and thrombin was studied using laser fluctuation spectroscopy, a method that rapidly determines particle size in a solution. Two periods in fibrin clot formation were noted: an induction period during which no fibrin polymerization occurred and a period of rapid increase in particle size. Direct measurement of fibrin monomer polymerization and fibrinopeptide release showed no evidence of an induction period. These observations were best explained by a kinetic model for fibrin clot formation incorporating a reversible fibrinogen-fibrin monomer complex. In this model, the complex serves as a buffer system during the earliest phase of fibrin formation. This prevents the accumulation of free polymerizable fibrin monomer until an appreciable amount of fibrinogen has reacted with thrombin, at which point the fibrin monomer level rises rapidly and polymerization proceeds. Clinically, the complex may be a homeostatic mechanism preventing pathological clotting during periods of elevated fibrinogen.

Mechanism of the propagation step in the anionic polymerization of styrene

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 1047-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Kašpar ◽  
Jiří Trekoval
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Induction Period ◽  
Anionic Polymerization ◽  
Reactive Intermediate ◽  
Coordination Polymerization ◽  
Kinetic Dependence ◽  
Mathematical Solution ◽  
Slow Reaction

The paper is dealing with an investigation of the kinetic dependence of the propagation step in the anionic coordination polymerization of styrene in benzene at 303 K with "living" oligostyryllithium as initiator at the onset of the reaction. A short but distinct induction period was found, indicating a preceding slow reaction leading to the formation of a reactive intermediate, which behaves as the initiator of the reaction. Using results obtained in the first paper of this series, a new mechanism of propagation has been suggested, the mathematical solution of which is correlated with experimental data.

The effect of electrondonors on the polymerization kinetics of isoprene

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 3338-3346
Author(s):  
Miroslav Kašpar ◽  
Jiří Trekoval
Keyword(s):  
Induction Period ◽  
Ethyl Ether ◽  
Reaction Order ◽  
Propagation Rate ◽  
Reaction Scheme ◽  
Polymerization Kinetics ◽  
Polymerization Rate ◽  
Constant Concentration ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Kinetics Of

The effect of small additions of 1-octene, butyl ethyl ether and triethylamine on the polymerization kinetics of isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene) in benzene initiated with butyllithium was investigated by employing the GLC analysis. The addition of 1-octane was reflected only in a shorter induction period of the reaction; the effect on the propagation rate was insignificant. With the increasing amount of butyl ethyl ether, the polymerization rate increases linearly, while the reaction order with respect to the concentration of triethylamine is variable and increases from 0.33 to 0.66 with the increasing concentration of the initiator. For a constant concentration of triethylamine, the reaction order with respect to the initial concentration of the initiator was found to vary considerably, reaching even negative values. A reaction scheme was suggested, taking into account the competition between two different solvates of alkyllithium.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document