Comparison of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Typically Developing Children and Children with Down Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna J. Esbensen ◽  
Jeffery N. Epstein ◽  
Lori B. Vincent ◽  
Kelly Kamimura-Nishimura ◽  
Susan Wiley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

scholarly journals Dissociable effects of ADHD and Methylphenidate treatment on the capture and the inhibition of impulsive actions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélie Grandjean ◽  
Isabel Suarez ◽  
Aline Miquee ◽  
David DaFonseca ◽  
Laurence Anne Casini
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Selective Inhibition ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Interference Control ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Prepotent Response

The deficit in “interference control” commonly reported in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) could be due to at least two distinct processes, which are not disentangled in most studies: a larger susceptibility to activating prepotent response impulses and a deficit in suppressing them. In this study, we investigated the effect of 1/ADHD and 2/ MPH, on these two components of interference control.We compared interference control between children with ADHD without medication, children with ADHD under methylphenidate (MPH), and typically developing children performing a Simon conflict task.The main findings were that 1/ children with ADHD were more susceptible to reacting impulsively but less efficient at suppressing impulsive actions than typically developing children, and 2/ MPH improved the selective inhibition of impulsive actions but did not modify the strength of response impulse activation.

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