Ensuring Accountability in Public Health Prevention Research

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. E1-E9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demia Sundra Wright ◽  
Jo Anne Grunbaum ◽  
Nicola Dawkins ◽  
Geri Dino ◽  
Doryn Chervin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Prevention Research ◽  
Health Prevention

scholarly journals The Ethics of Stigma in Medical Male Circumcision Initiatives Involving Adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Rennie ◽  
Adam Gilbertson ◽  
Denise Hallfors ◽  
Winnie K Luseno
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Male Circumcision ◽  
Social Norm ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Human History ◽  
Health Prevention ◽  
Medical Male Circumcision ◽  
Demand Creation ◽  
Ethics Research

Abstract Ongoing global efforts to circumcise adolescent and adult males to reduce their risk of acquiring HIV constitute the largest public health prevention initiative, using surgical means, in human history. Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) programs in Africa have significantly altered social norms related to male circumcision among previously non-circumcising groups and groups that have practiced traditional (non-medical) circumcision. One consequence of this change is the stigmatization of males who, for whatever reason, remain uncircumcised. This paper discusses the ethics of stigma with regard to uncircumcised adolescent males in global VMMC programs, particularly in certain recruitment, demand creation and social norm interventions. Grounded in our own experiences gained while conducting HIV-related ethics research with adolescents in Kenya, we argue that use of explicit or implicit stigma to increase the number of VMMC volunteers is unethical from a public health ethics perspective, particularly in campaigns that leverage social norms of masculinity. Ongoing global efforts to circumcise adolescent and adult males to reduce their risk of acquiring HIV constitute the largest public health prevention initiative, using surgical means, in human history. VMMC programs in Africa have significantly altered social norms related to male circumcision among previously non-circumcising groups and groups that have practiced traditional (non-medical) circumcision. One consequence of this change is the stigmatization of males who, for whatever reason, remain uncircumcised. This paper discusses the ethics of stigma with regard to uncircumcised adolescent males in global VMMC programs, particularly in certain recruitment, demand creation and social norm interventions. Grounded in our own experiences gained while conducting HIV-related ethics research with adolescents in Kenya, we argue that use of explicit or implicit stigma to increase the number of VMMC volunteers is unethical from a public health ethics perspective, particularly in campaigns that leverage social norms of masculinity.

scholarly journals THE NIH PATHWAYS TO PREVENTION PROGRAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S749-S749
Author(s):  
Keisha L Shropshire
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Fracture Prevention ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Prevention Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Research Gaps

Abstract The National Institutes of Health Office of Disease Prevention (ODP) Pathways to Prevention (P2P) Program identifies research gaps, methodological and scientific weaknesses in selected scientific areas; suggests research needs; and moves the field forward through an unbiased, evidence-based assessment of a complex public health issue. P2P workshops are designed for topics that have incomplete or underdeveloped research and that have a need for a synthesis and critical assessment of the published literature. This talk will explain the purpose of this P2P workshop on use of drug therapies for osteoporotic fracture prevention within the larger context of NIH efforts to promote prevention research.

scholarly journals Balancing benefits and harms in public health prevention programmes mandated by governments

BMJ ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 329 (7456) ◽  
pp. 41-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godfrey P Oakley ◽  
Richard B Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Prevention ◽  
Prevention Programmes

scholarly journals Population-Based Assessment of Clinical Risk Factors for Legionnaires’ Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 2428-2431
Author(s):  
Laura A Cooley ◽  
Tracy Pondo ◽  
Louise K Francois Watkins ◽  
Priti Shah ◽  
Stephanie Schrag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Clinical Risk Factors ◽  
Health Prevention ◽  
Clinical Risk ◽  
Legionnaires Disease ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Abstract We used US population-based surveillance data to characterize clinical risk factors for Legionnaires’ disease (LD). The LD incidence increased by age and the risk was elevated for 12 clinical conditions, when compared to healthy adults. This information can be used to guide testing, treatment, and public health prevention efforts.

scholarly journals Using food insecurity in health prevention to promote consumer's embodied self-regulation

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Petit ◽  
Charles Spence
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Health Prevention ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Insurance Hypothesis ◽  
Embodied Self

AbstractHealth messages designed to address obesity are typically focused on the long-term benefits of eating healthy food. However, according to the insurance hypothesis, obese people are food insecure, and this causes them to be overly concerned about short-term consumption. As such, it is necessary to rethink public health messaging and consider how to reduce short-term insecurity by eating healthy food.

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