Blunt cerebrovascular injuries (BCVIs) are increasingly recognized in trauma patients, with 1 to 3% of all blunt trauma patients being diagnosed with a carotid artery injury or a vertebral artery injury. Specific injury patterns are associated with BCVI and serve as the trigger for injury screening in asymptomatic patients. Multislice (> 64-slice) computed tomographic angiography is the routine imaging test performed to identify BCVI. Once an injury is identified, antithrombotic treatment almost universally prevents BCVI-related stroke. Endovascular therapy for BCVI is reserved for those patients who are markedly symptomatic or have an enlarging pseudoaneurysm on repeat imaging.
Key Words: blunt cerebrovascular injuries, blunt trauma, carotid artery injury, stroke, vertebral artery injury