scholarly journals Multiple signals and male spacing affect female preference at cocktail parties in treefrogs

2009 ◽  
Vol 277 (1685) ◽  
pp. 1247-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Richardson ◽  
Thierry Lengagne
Keyword(s):  
Background Noise ◽  
Spatial Separation ◽  
Signal Design ◽  
High Background ◽  
Hyla Arborea ◽  
Male Density ◽  
Multicomponent Signals ◽  
The Face ◽  
Spatial Unmasking ◽  
High Background Noise

Effective acoustic communication in the face of intense conspecific background noise constitutes a constant sensory challenge in chorusing and colonial species. An evolutionary approach suggests that behavioural and environmental constraints in these species should have shaped signal design and signalling behaviour to enable communication in noisy conditions. This could be attained both through the use of multicomponent signals and through short-term adjustments in the spatial separation of calling males. We investigated these two hypotheses in a chorusing anuran, the hylid Hyla arborea , through a series of phonotaxis experiments conducted within a six-speaker arena in a high background noise situation, by presenting females with male calls containing either single or multiple attractive call components, and by modifying distances between speakers. We found that female ability to discriminate attractive calls increased when several attractive call components were available, providing novel evidence that the use of multicomponent signals enhances communication in complex acoustic conditions. Signal discrimination in females also improved with speaker separation, demonstrating that within natural choruses, spatial unmasking conditioned by male density and spatial separation probably improves female discrimination of competing males. Implications of these results for the accuracy of mate choice within choruses are discussed.

scholarly journals A technical description of the Balloon Lidar Experiment (BOLIDE)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5681-5695
Author(s):  
Bernd Kaifler ◽  
Dimitry Rempel ◽  
Philipp Roßi ◽  
Christian Büdenbender ◽  
Natalie Kaifler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Time Resolution ◽  
Background Noise ◽  
Flight Performance ◽  
Vertical Resolution ◽  
Backscatter Coefficient ◽  
High Background ◽  
Polar Mesospheric Clouds ◽  
High Background Noise ◽  
Mesospheric Clouds

Abstract. The Balloon Lidar Experiment (BOLIDE) was the first high-power lidar flown and operated successfully on board a balloon platform. As part of the PMC Turbo payload, the instrument acquired high-resolution backscatter profiles of polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs) from an altitude of ∼ 38 km during its maiden ∼ 6 d flight from Esrange, Sweden, to northern Canada in July 2018. We describe the BOLIDE instrument and its development and report on the predicted and actual in-flight performance. Although the instrument suffered from excessively high background noise, we were able to detect PMCs with a volume backscatter coefficient as low as 0.6×10-10 m−1 sr−1 at a vertical resolution of 100 m and a time resolution of 30 s.

Improved affine projection subband adaptive filter for high background noise environments

2017 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 356-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiquan Zhao ◽  
Zongsheng Zheng ◽  
Zhongyu Wang ◽  
Badong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Filter ◽  
Background Noise ◽  
High Background ◽  
Affine Projection ◽  
High Background Noise ◽  
Subband Adaptive Filter

scholarly journals A technical description of the Balloon Lidar Experiment BOLIDE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Kaifler ◽  
Dimitry Rempel ◽  
Philipp Roßi ◽  
Christian Büdenbender ◽  
Natalie Kaifler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Time Resolution ◽  
Background Noise ◽  
Flight Performance ◽  
Vertical Resolution ◽  
Backscatter Coefficient ◽  
High Background ◽  
Polar Mesospheric Clouds ◽  
High Background Noise ◽  
Mesospheric Clouds

Abstract. The Balloon Lidar Experiment (BOLIDE) was the first high-power lidar flown and operated successfully onboard a balloon platform. As part of the PMC Turbo payload, the instrument acquired high resolution backscatter profiles of Polar Mesospheric Clouds (PMCs) from an altitude of ∼38 km during its maiden ∼6 day flight from Esrange, Sweden, to Northern Canada in July 2018. We describe the BOLIDE instrument and its development and report on the predicted and actual in-flight performance. Although the instrument suffered from excessively high background noise, we were able to detect PMCs with a volume backscatter coefficient as low as 0.6 × 10−10 m−1 sr−1 at a vertical resolution of 100 m and a time resolution of 30 s.

scholarly journals An Entropy-Based Anti-Noise Method for Reducing Ranging Error in Photon Counting Lidar

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1499
Author(s):  
Mingwei Huang ◽  
Zijing Zhang ◽  
Jiaheng Xie ◽  
Jiahuan Li ◽  
Yuan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Background Noise ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Avalanche Photodiode ◽  
High Background ◽  
Noise Current ◽  
Ranging Error ◽  
Geiger Mode ◽  
High Background Noise ◽  
The Difference

Photon counting lidar for long-range detection faces the problem of declining ranging performance caused by background noise. Current anti-noise methods are not robust enough in the case of weak signal and strong background noise, resulting in poor ranging error. In this work, based on the characteristics of the uncertainty of echo signal and noise in photon counting lidar, an entropy-based anti-noise method is proposed to reduce the ranging error under high background noise. Firstly, the photon counting entropy, which is considered as the feature to distinguish signal from noise, is defined to quantify the uncertainty of fluctuation among photon events responding to the Geiger mode avalanche photodiode. Then, the photon counting entropy is combined with a windowing operation to enhance the difference between signal and noise, so as to mitigate the effect of background noise and estimate the time of flight of the laser pulses. Simulation and experimental analysis show that the proposed method improves the anti-noise performance well, and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively mitigates the effect of background noise to reduce ranging error despite high background noise.

scholarly journals Temporal variation in acoustic and visual signalling as a function of stream background noise in the Bornean foot-flagging frog, Staurois parvus

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-1 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ulmar Grafe ◽  
Joremy A. Tony
Keyword(s):  
Background Noise ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Multimodal Communication ◽  
Visual Signals ◽  
High Background ◽  
Dynamic Selection ◽  
Multimodal Signals ◽  
High Background Noise ◽  
Noisy Conditions ◽  
Visual Signalling

High background noise can interfere with signal detection and perception. Bornean foot-flagging frogs,Staurois parvus, live along noisy streams and use both acoustic and visual signals to communicate. It remains unclear why acoustic signalling is retained given that visual signalling appears to have clear advantages under these noisy conditions. We hypothesized that temporal dynamics in stream noise have shaped the multimodal communication system inS. parvuswith acoustic signalling at an advantage under more quiet conditions, whereas visual signals will prevail when the noise of rushing water is high after rains. We found that as predicted, maleS. parvusincreased foot flagging and decreased advertisement calling when presented with playbacks of stream noise compared to less noisy pre-playback conditions. Such context-dependent dynamic-selection regimes are recently gaining wider attention and enhance our understanding of the flexibility seen in the use of multimodal signals inS. parvus.

Visual communication and aggressive behaviour in a giant mute torrent-frog, Megaelosia apuana (Anura; Hylodidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Augusto-Alves ◽  
Simone A. Dena ◽  
Luís F. Toledo
Keyword(s):  
Background Noise ◽  
Advertisement Call ◽  
Aggressive Interaction ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
High Background ◽  
Audible Sound ◽  
High Background Noise ◽  
Intraspecific Communication ◽  
Visual Signalling ◽  
Common Signal

Abstract Advertisement call is the most common signal used by anurans for intraspecific communication. However, some species have lost the ability to emit these vocalizations and are denoted as mute. Alternatively, these species may communicate by visual, tactile and chemical signals. The lack of advertisement call could be explained by the high background noise of breeding microhabitats. A model group to study alternative communication tactics is the genus Megaelosia, which is composed by seven mute species that inhabit noisy streams, and for which no information on intraspecific communication is available. We monitored a population of M. apuana and described its visual signalling during aggressive interactions between males. This interaction included visual signalling, physical combat, and the retreat of the smaller individual. No audible sound was detected during the whole aggressive interaction, reinforcing the genus muteness. This is the first report of any communication behaviour for the genus Megaelosia.

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